Kev lag luam yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg yuav khoom. Kev tsim cov tswv yim kev lag luam tso cai rau koj los tsim ntau txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus uas txhua lub tuam txhab txiav txim siab txog kev tswj hwm kev xav tau. Thawj lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev tswj hwm tau tshwm sim ntau dua 100 xyoo dhau los, tab sis hauv qee qhov xwm txheej nws tseem tsis tau poob nws qhov tseeb. Wb tham txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no thiab lawv qhov tshwj xeeb.
kev lag luam tswvyim
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam rau cov neeg siv khoom, qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev tsim kev lag luam tshwm sim. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, nws sawv tawm raws li kev ywj pheej kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev tswj cov kev ua ntawm cov neeg koom hauv kev lag luam txhawm rau txhawm rau nce kev lag luam profitability. Tom qab ntawd, kev lag luam yog concretized raws li ib txheej ntawm kev ntsuas rau kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam yog qhov xav tau los ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab muab rho tawmtuaj txog. Nyob rau xyoo 1930, thawj cov txheej txheem theoretical ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau pib ua kom zoo. Cov kev cai dav dav rau kev tswj hwm kev xav tau yog tsim thiab cov ntsiab lus kev lag luam yooj yim tau yug los. Kev lag luam, txawm li cas los xij, tsis dhau los ua txoj kev xav qhuav, nws ib txwm tseem muaj ntau qhov kev ua tau zoo.
Nyob hauv nws daim ntawv dav dav tshaj plaws, kev lag luam yog suav tias yog ib hom kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm tib neeg, uas yog tsom rau kev kawm thiab ua kom txaus siab rau tib neeg cov kev xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog tswj hwm kev lag luam thiab kev thov kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub koom haum. Kev lag luam yog li dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tswj hwm.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam
Cov neeg ua lag luam niaj hnub tab tom nrhiav rau qhov tshiab, kev pom zoo ntawm kev nqis tes ua uas yuav pab ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam. Tawm ntawm cov kev xav tau loj hlob kev lag luam thiab nws cov ntsiab lus. Philip Kotler, yog ib lub ntiaj teb ua lag luam theorists, sib cav hais tias lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm kev tswj hwm yog ib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev ua lag luam. Cov tswv yim lag luam teb cov lus nug tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab lub sijhawm rau cov nyiaj tau los. Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug tseem ceeb no yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tswv yim kev lag luam tsis yog qee qhov kev xav paub daws teeb meem, tab sis feem ntau siv kev daws teeb meem.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam tswv yim
Ib lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv niaj hnub no yuav tsum tau lossi xav txog yuav ua li cas muag nws. Hnub no yuav luagtsis muaj qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob Raws li qhov no, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam lub tswv yim yog kev tsim cov dej num uas yuav tsum tau daws kom ncav cuag cov ntsuas qhov xav tau. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam tso cai rau lub tuam txhab hloov pauv rau kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam, pab tswj kev xav tau thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev npaj tswv yim.
Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Tswj Tswv Yim
Kev lag luam yog ib feem ntawm kev tswj hwm, tus thawj coj yuav tsum nkag siab rau tus neeg uas nws tsim cov khoom thiab nws yuav tsum tau nce qib rau tus neeg yuav khoom li cas. Kev lag luam cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub koom haum yog ib feem ntawm kev npaj tswv yim. Nyob rau txhua theem ntawm kev tswj hwm, tus thawj tswj hwm yuav tsum npaj cov haujlwm ntawm nws lub koom haum lossis chav haujlwm rau yav tom ntej nyob deb, rau qhov no nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias yuav mus qhov twg. Thiab lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm kev tswj tsuas yog teb cov lus nug no. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog ib daim ntawv qhia npaj txhij; nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tus thawj coj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab tsim nws tus kheej txhais lus ntawm lub tswv yim dav dav. Yog li, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj hwm kev lag luam yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas, muaj tswv yim thiab cov tswv yim.
Evolution of marketing concepts
Thawj thawj zaug, cov tswv yim kev lag luam pib ua kom zoo nyob rau hauv cov hnub thaum ntxov ntawm kev lag luam. Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntuj rau kev ua lag luam. Kev nkag siab thiab tsim cov kev cai ntawm lub tswv yim yuav tshwm simtwb tom qab qhov tseeb, tom qab manufacturers pib siv cov qauv no. Qhov tseeb, kev txhim kho ntawm lub tswv yim kev lag luam uas yog ib feem ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm tshwm sim tom qab. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam cov ntsiab lus txav mus raws ib txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov hom phiaj thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom mus rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Thiab qhov kev lag luam loj hlob ntau dua, cov kev xav tob thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum npaj kev lag luam. Ib tug feature ntawm evolution ntawm marketing tswv yim yog hais tias thaum tshiab qauv tshwm sim, cov qub tsis poob lawv vivability. Tej zaum lawv yuav ua tau tsawg dua, thiab tom qab ntawd tsis nyob hauv txhua kis. Cov tswv yim tshiab tsis "tua" cov qub, nws tsuas yog tias cov "tshiab" no ua tau zoo dua rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim khoom, tab sis cov qauv qub tseem ua haujlwm thiab yuav siv tau zoo hauv qee lub khw.
Production concept
Thawj lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv Asmeskas thiab Europe thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 19th. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov neeg muag khoom lag luam tau tswj hwm, kev yuav khoom ntawm cov pej xeem yog qhov siab heev, thiab kev xav tau hauv ntau lub khw muag khoom ntau dua. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsom xam kev lag luam tseem tsis muaj, thiab tag nrho cov hom phiaj kev lag luam tau tsom mus rau kev tsim khoom. Cov kev txaus siab thiab kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tsis raug coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv txhua txoj kev, muaj kev xav tias cov khoom zoo yuav ib txwm pom nws tus neeg yuav khoom. Nws kuj tau dav ntseeg tias koj tuaj yeem muag txhua yam khoom muag. Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus ntawm cov nyiaj tau los tseem ceeb tau pom nyob rau hauv kev nce hauv cov khoom ntim ntau lawm. Lub ntsiab tawm tsam nrogcov neeg sib tw nteg nyob rau hauv tus nqi cheeb tsam. Cov neeg lag luam nrhiav kev txhim kho kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev nce ntim thiab txo cov nqi. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas muaj lub siab xav ua haujlwm tsim khoom, lub koom haum tshawb fawb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav nquag tau ua rau cov khoom siv pheej yig pheej yig. Lub sijhawm no, cov tuam txhab muaj kev sib txawv tsis muaj zog, tsom mus rau lawv cov peev txheej ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm ib qho khoom. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim khoom zoo tseem siv tau niaj hnub no hauv kev lag luam uas xav tau ntau tshaj qhov khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsim cov khoom tshiab uas cov neeg sib tw tseem tsis tau muaj.
YProduct concept
Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kev ua lag luam tau maj mam saturated nrog cov khoom, tab sis kev thov tseem ua ntej ntawm cov khoom. Qhov no ua rau qhov tseeb tias lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom tshwm. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev tsim khoom yuav luag tau coj mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua kom cov khoom lag luam nce ntxiv, thiab lub tswv yim tshwm sim tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txhim kho cov khoom. Cov neeg siv khoom tsis xav tau cov khoom lag luam ntxiv lawm, nws pib ua ntawv thov txog nws qhov zoo, yog li cov chaw tsim khoom ua haujlwm yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom, nws cov ntim thiab cov yam ntxwv, thiab tseem qhia rau tus neeg yuav khoom txog nws. Yuav tsum muaj kev tshaj tawm raws li lub cuab yeej ceeb toom rau cov neeg siv khoom txog cov khoom tshiab thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Lub sijhawm no, lub tswv yim hais tias tus neeg siv khoom npaj yuav khoom zoo ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog dominates. Yog li ntawd, kev sib tw los ntawm tus kheej ntawm tus nqi yog maj mam txav mus rau hauv lub dav hlau ntawm kev ntsuas cov khoom ntawm cov khoom. Lub tswv yim no tuaj yeem siv niaj hnub no hauv cov khw uas xav taukwv yees sib npaug nrog cov khoom siv thaum muaj kev yuav khoom txaus ntawm cov pej xeem, uas yog npaj los xaiv cov khoom zoo. Lub tswv yim no siv rau hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom lag luam txoj cai.
kev siv dag zog rau kev lag luam
Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1930, muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev thov hauv yuav luag txhua lub khw muag khoom. Yuav tsum tau ua qee qhov kev siv zog tshwj xeeb kom nyiam tus neeg yuav khoom. Lub sijhawm no, tus muag khoom thiab tus neeg yuav khoom lag luam tau tsim. Lub sijhawm no, kev thov tuaj rau qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov teeb meem ntawm kev nce lub tuam txhab cov txiaj ntsig. Cov khoom lag luam thiab kev tsim khoom tau raug txhim kho mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws, tab sis tag nrho cov khoom lag luam tsis tuaj yeem muag lossis muag qeeb heev. Yog li ntawd, lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm lub tuam txhab yuav tsum tau tsom rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem muag khoom. Lub sijhawm no, cov tswv yim tshwm sim txog kev txhawb nqa kev thov thiab hais txog lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muag khoom thiab cov neeg muag khoom. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev muag khoom tau tsim los ua ib qho haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau kev txhim kho kev muag khoom thiab txhawb tus neeg yuav khoom hauv khw muag khoom. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau pib nkag siab tias cov khoom lag luam tsis tuaj yeem muag sai yam tsis siv nyiaj tshaj tawm. Lub sijhawm no, kev tsim cov kev pabcuam kev lag luam pib. Cov neeg lag luam muaj qhov kev xav tsis thoob tias nrog kev pab los ntawm kev tshaj tawm zoo koj tuaj yeem muag txhua yam. Thaum lub sij hawm no, xws li ib tug tshwj xeeb cheeb tsam ntawm \u200b\u200bactivity raws li kev cob qhia ntawm cov neeg muag khoom tshwm sim, txoj kev xav ntawm kev muag khoom pib tsim. Tau kawg, lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv zog ua lag luam tuaj yeem siv tau niaj hnub nokev lag luam uas cov neeg siv khoom tsis xav txog kev yuav cov khoom no, tab sis muaj txoj hauv kev los yuav nws. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tswv yim no yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev muag khoom, txhim kho cov cuab yeej muag khoom.
Own marketing concept
Nyob rau hauv lub 50s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, tag nrho cov lag luam tseem ceeb tau ntim nrog cov khoom, thiab ib lub sij hawm pib thaum cov khoom ntau tshaj qhov xav tau. Hauv lub tswv yim no, kev saib xyuas zoo yog them rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab nws cov kev xav tau. Cov chaw tsim khoom tsis nrhiav kev muag khoom uas nws tau tswj los tsim, tab sis xav txog qhov uas tus neeg yuav khoom xav tau thiab pib tsim qhov ntawd. Hauv kev sib txuas no, lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam tab tom hloov pauv tseem ceeb. Cov neeg lag luam yuav tsum siv nyiaj ntau los ntawm kev kawm txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Lawv yuav tsum paub seb tus nqi, kev xav tau thiab kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom yog dab tsi, nws txoj kev ua neej yog dab tsi, nws mus qhov twg, nws siv zog ua dab tsi. Thiab ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kev paub no, tus neeg ua lag luam tsim nws lub tswv yim rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov qub txoj kev yog khaws cia: cov khoom yuav tsum yog cov zoo, ntau lawm yuav tsum tau npaum li cas, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muag khoom yuav tsum txhawb kom tus neeg yuav khoom yuav khoom. Lub sijhawm no, thawj zaug, lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam sib xyaw pib tshwm sim, uas suav nrog txhua theem ntawm kev lag luam. Hauv lub tswv yim no, lub hom phiaj kev lag luam nkaus xwb tshwm sim - kev txaus siab ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau nyiaj tau los ntawm qhov no. Thiab lub tswv yim tau cim lub ntiaj teb tig ntawm kev lag luam rau tus neeg yuav khoom, tam sim no ntawm tag nrhokev lag luam, tus neeg ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb yog cov neeg siv khoom, thiab rau nws cov chaw tsim khoom ua nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kev yuav khoom. Cov neeg siv khoom tam sim no nyiam yuav cov khoom lag luam uas txaus siab rau nws cov kev xav tau. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom yuav tsum tau raws nraim nws cov kev xav tau. Tus neeg yuav khoom txawm tias npaj them tshaj, tab sis tau raws nraim qhov nws xav tau.
kev sib raug zoo-kev coj ncaj ncees
Nyob rau hauv lub lig 70s, lub era ntawm intensive kev noj thiab ntau lawm ua rau lub fact tias lub ntiaj teb cov peev txheej pib deplete. Lub zog kev sib raug zoo yog nce hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv kev noj ntau dhau. Thiab cov tswv yim lag luam tshiab tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej cov kev hloov pauv no. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam kev sib raug zoo thiab kev ncaj ncees tau tsim, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev niaj hnub no. Lub tswv yim nyuaj no yuav tsum ntsuas peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: kev nyiam ntawm tib neeg, kev xav tau thiab kev xav tau ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam rau cov neeg ua lag luam. Nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm lub tswv yim no, ib tug tshwj xeeb lub luag hauj lwm pib muab rau pej xeem lub tswv yim, cov duab ntawm lub tuam txhab, rau kev tsim ntawm uas tus ua lag luam yuav tsum tau siv tej yam kev pab. Nyob rau theem ntawm saturation thiab oversaturation ntawm kev ua lag luam, cov neeg siv khoom pib nkag siab tias kev lag luam tsis kawg ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau ib puag ncig thiab lawv xav kom cov neeg tsim khoom saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj. Qhov no xav kom cov tuam txhab tsim kho tshiab, qhia cov khoom tshiab rau hauv ntau yam uas ua tau raws li kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb tshiab. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv lub tswv yim no yog qhia cov qauv tsim khoom tshiab thiab ua kom tus neeg yuav khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm nwskhoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj haujlwm kev lag luam zoo li no yog kev qhia cov neeg siv khoom, qhia nws cov qauv tshiab ntawm lub neej.
Kev sib tham tswv yim
Nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov neeg lag luam pib nkag siab tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog tsis yog coj mus rau hauv tus account cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, tab sis kuj koom nrog nws hauv kev sib raug zoo. Cov neeg siv khoom siv tau zoo rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus qauv, cov xwm txheej zoo li qub, thiab lawv tsis ua rau muaj kev xav hauv nws. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kom sib txawv ntawm cov neeg sib tw, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg siv khoom. Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lub tuam txhab tsim kom muaj kev xav zoo siab rau tus neeg yuav khoom, distinguishes cov chaw tsim khoom los ntawm ntau qhov sib xws. Tag nrho cov tswv yim kev lag luam yav dhau los tsom rau cov laj thawj thiab qhov laj thawj, thiab cov qauv no yog tsom rau kev xav. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib lub tswv yim, lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb pib muab rau kev sib txuas lus, cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus tsim ib tug neeg, ntseeg kev sib raug zoo los ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov buyer nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo. Cov tswv yim tshiab ntawm kev lag luam kev sib txuas lus tsis yog tsuas yog xav tau cov kev daws teeb meem nyuaj, tab sis yog nyob ntawm tus kheej tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim no, muaj xws li ib yam li lub neej voj voog ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog tus neeg yuav khoom. Nws txawv 3 theem: kev txaus siab ntawm cov khoom, kev yuav khoom thiab kev siv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, ntau xim yog them rau tom qab kev yuav khoom tus cwj pwm, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug nkag siab ntawm kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub buyer. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib txuas lus yog cov neeg siv khoom loy alty rau ib yam khoom lossis hom. Cov neeg lag luam nkag siab tias hauv kev lag luam glut thiab kev sib tw hnyavNws yuav pheej yig dua los khaws cov neeg siv khoom qub dua li nyiam tus tshiab.
International concept
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kev lag luam pib txhim kho sai, thiab ntau lub tswv yim pom zoo uas feem ntau haum rau hauv cov qauv kev sib cuam tshuam, tab sis muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Yog li, kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam cov tswv yim tsim los rau kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg yuav tsum muaj txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb. Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev lag luam ua lag luam raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev nthuav dav kev lag luam hauv tsev, lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv txhua kis, lub tuam txhab ntsib lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim cov lag luam tshiab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg lag luam yuav tsum tsim kev sib txuas lus nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig sab hauv thiab sab nraud.
Innovative concept
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm kev lag luam. Ib qho ntawm cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov kev xaiv tshiab, uas yog txuam nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm high-tech, cov khoom siv tshiab. Zoo li ib zaug lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam, qhov ntau yam no yog raws li qhov tseeb tias cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev txhim kho cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig hloov pauv sai heev niaj hnub no, cov neeg lag luam tau txhawb nqa cov khoom siv digital thiab cov khoom siv tshiab siv cov txheej txheem tshiab: Cov cuab yeej hauv Is Taws Nem, kev sib txuas lus, kev sib txuas lus. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim tshiab organicallyua ke cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj, nrog rau kev sib raug zoo kev lag luam. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam tsis yog tsuas yog txhawb tus neeg yuav khoom kom yuav khoom, tab sis kuj qhia nws. Ua ntej muag nws, piv txwv li, lub gadget tshiab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim ib theem ntawm kev txawj ntse hauv nws.
qauv kev xav
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub ntiaj teb no tau nkag mus rau kev lag luam tshiab, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis digital. Ib tug flurry ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntog rau txhua tus neeg thiab nws tsim kev tiv thaiv mechanisms tiv thaiv overload. Qhov no ua rau qhov tseeb tias ntau cov lus tshaj tawm ib txwm siv tsis tau lawm. Piv txwv li, twb muaj tag nrho tiam neeg ntawm cov neeg uas tsis saib TV, cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm yog sharply txo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov siab tshaj plaws saturation ntawm kev ua lag luam nrog cov khoom ua rau lub fact tias ib tug neeg pib muaj teeb meem nrog kev xaiv. Ib tug neeg los ntawm qhov xwm txheej tsis tuaj yeem xaiv ntawm 10-120 units ntawm cov khoom, thiab nws tus kheej txo tus naj npawb ntawm kev xaiv rau 3-5 yam khoom. Nws tsom ntsoov rau nws qhov tseem ceeb, dab neeg, dab neeg, stereotypes, uas tsis nco qab tswj cov neeg siv khoom tus cwj pwm. Thiab ntawm no qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tias cov tswv yim lag luam qub tsis tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj xav tau. Thiab cov neeg lag luam tab tom tsim cov qauv tshiab, raws li tus neeg tau txais kev xav txog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom muag, ib qho mythology ntawm cov khoom raug tsim, ib qho kev coj tus cwj pwm yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus neeg yuav khoom, uas ua rau nws mus yuav khoom. Piv txwv ntawm xws li "kev siv"muaj ntau yam khoom hauv qhov tsis nco qab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws piv txwv yog Apple hom, uas tsim mythology, nws tus kheej lub tswv yim, thiab niaj hnub no muaj tag nrho cov tsim ntawm cov neeg uas ntseeg hais tias tsuas yog cov khoom ntawm lub hom no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab tshwj xeeb.
Kev lag luam lub tswv yim thiab cov tswv yim
Kev lag luam ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog kev npaj cov haujlwm yav tom ntej ntawm kev lag luam. Lub tuam txhab uas xav txog nws txoj kev loj hlob yav tom ntej muaj nws lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam zoo. Feem ntau, cov qauv ntiag tug muaj xws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau tus qauv: kev sib raug zoo thiab kev coj ncaj ncees, kev sib cuam tshuam, kev tsim kho tshiab, khoom lag luam lossis kev lag luam. Tus nqi tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej ntawm kev lag luam cov ntsiab lus yog lub peev xwm los siv lawv hauv kev txhim kho lub tuam txhab tus kheej lub tswv yim. Txhua lub tswv yim niaj hnub ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam yog nyob ntawm kev sib txuas lus nyuaj. Thiab niaj hnub no nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau nrhiav tau ib lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus uas yuav tsis siv ib tug xov xwm mix nyob rau hauv lawv nce qib. Yog li ntawd, nws yog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom ntawm ntau lub tswv yim uas tso cai rau txhua tus neeg tsim khoom nrhiav nws txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav.
