Peb ntsib cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam txhua hnub, tab sis tsis zoo li cov neeg siv khoom zoo ib yam tau xav tsawg kawg ib zaug txog lawv txoj kev twg, los ntawm lub tswv yim thiab lub tswv yim ntawm lawv cov kev tsim, kev tsim khoom, kev thauj mus los, kev tshaj tawm thiab kev tshaj tawm. Rau tus neeg ua lag luam, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, ib yam dab tsi uas txhua tus neeg xav tau hauv ib daim ntawv lossis lwm yam. Hais txog txhua yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv hauv kab lus no.
khoom yog dab tsi?
Ib yam khoom hauv kev lag luam yog, ntawm ib sab, txhais tau tias kom txaus siab rau tib neeg cov kev xav tau, ntawm qhov tod tes, cov khoom tsim los muag. Tab sis, tsis zoo li kev ntseeg nrov, qhov no tsis yog txhua yam uas tuaj tawm ntawm txoj kab sib dhos. Qhov no yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem uas suav nrog ntau cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb thiab kev siv zog loj ntawm tus neeg lag luam los txhawb.
khoom tsim cov kauj ruam
thawj kauj ruam yog tsim kom muaj lub zeem muag. Tus neeg ua lag luam soj ntsuam kev lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom xav tau thiab txiav txim siab cov haujlwm ntawm cov khoom hauv kev lag luam, nws yuav ua li cas txaus siab thiab dab tsicov txiaj ntsig muab rau tus neeg yuav khoom.
kauj ruam thib ob yog kev ua tiav ntawm lub tswv yim. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev coj cov khoom mus rau lub neej - kev yuav khoom, kev tsim khoom, ntim khoom, kev xa khoom, kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam.
kauj ruam thib peb yog siv cov khoom lag luam sib xyaw. Qhov no yog ua haujlwm nrog kev ua lag luam, cov neeg sib tw, hloov pauv tus nqi txoj cai, txhais tau tias zoo ntawm kev muag khoom, kev txhawb nqa txoj cai (kev tshaj tawm, kev tshaj tawm, cov ntaub ntawv POS, thiab lwm yam)
Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog txawm tias cov theem no ua haujlwm zoo npaum li cas, cov khoom yuav tsis ua tiav yog tias nws tsis ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb - kev txaus siab ntawm tib neeg kev xav tau, uas tshwm sim vim qee qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. khoom.
Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom
Txhua tus neeg lag luam yuav tsum paub tias cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam tsis yog cov khoom lag luam xwb, tab sis feem ntau cov txiaj ntsig uas cov neeg siv khoom tau txais nrog kev yuav khoom:
- Functionality - seb cov khoom puas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom - qhov zoo lossis qhov ntau, qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv thov, qhov zoo hauv kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los, kev xa khoom, thiab lwm yam.
- Demand - seb cov khoom puas haum rau kev lag luam xav tau, caij nyoog, style lossis zam.
- Kev ntseeg tau thiab kav ntev - ntev npaum li cas cov khoom yuav kav ntev npaum li cas, nws nyob ntev npaum li cas, nws puas tsim nyog rau kev kuaj xyuas thiab kho, nws puas muaj kev lees paub thiab kev pab cuam tom qab muag.
- Ergonomics yog qhov yooj yim thiab kev nplij siab ntawm nws txoj kev siv, ua raws li saj, pom, lub zog thiab lwm yam kev xav ntawm tus neeg.
- Kev zoo nkauj - ua raws li cov qauv ntawm haiv neeg, style, zam, kev coj noj coj ua tseem ceeb.
- Kev lag luam - tus nqi rau nyiaj.
- Sustainable - siv nyab xeeb rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab lwm tus.
Cov no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam, uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv khoom los txhawb nws txoj kev xaiv rau ib qho lossis lwm qhov. Tab sis tsis tsuas yog cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov zoo ntawm daim ntawv thov, ntau nyob ntawm nws ntau yam.
Kev faib cov khoom
Cia peb saib cov hauv paus ntsiab lus uas cov khoom sib faib ua lag luam. Cov no yog ob peb qhov sib txawv, thawj qhov yog los ntawm lub sijhawm siv:
- lub sijhawm luv - cov uas tau noj ntau zaus thiab nrawm (khoom noj, tshuaj hauv tsev);
- mus sij hawm ntev - cov uas tau siv sijhawm ntev thiab tsis tshua yuav (vaj tse, khaub ncaws, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khoom siv hauv tsev);
- kev pabcuam - tsev neeg, thauj, raug cai thiab lwm yam.
Thaum tsim cov khoom lag luam, nws tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab tias pawg twg nws nyob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm cov khoom, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xav txog physiological yam ntxwv, saj los yog tsw, tab sis tsis tas yuav zam los yog durability. Thaum siv tau ntev, kav ntev, warranty thiab cov khoom zoo yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam.
Lwm kev faib khoom cais cov khoom raws li qhov xav tau, cov no yog:
- khoom siv - yuav ntau zaus, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab siv zog ntau (khoom noj khoom haus);
- khoomkev thov ua ntej - kuj tau yuav ntau zaus, tab sis tom qab sib piv nrog lwm yam khoom (tsim khaub ncaws);
- khoom tshwj xeeb - ib qho qauv, thaum tsis muaj tus neeg yuav khoom tsis yuav lwm tus ntawm lub khw, vim tias lawv tsis muaj qhov sib piv;
- khoom ntawm qhov kev thov tsis txaus - cov uas cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsis xav tau, lossis nws tsis paub txog lawv lub neej, tab sis nrog txoj kev nce qib, kev thov tshwm sim rau lawv;
- khoom tshwj xeeb - nrhiav thiab yuav.
Ntxiv rau qhov kev faib tawm no, cov qauv khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam suav nrog cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom ua tiav, ntau yam kev pabcuam, cov khoom siv ntxiv thiab ntau ntxiv, uas pab tsim cov khoom tiav thiab yog ib feem nrog rau hauv nws tus nqi.
Thiab, tau kawg, hais txog kev faib tawm, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem hais txog lub tswvyim hauv qab no.
khoom tshiab yog dab tsi?
Ib yam khoom tshiab hauv kev lag luam yog cov khoom lag luam nrog cov khoom tshiab kiag li rau ib lub tuam txhab lossis rau tag nrho cov lag luam. Nws kev faib tawm muaj 6 pawg:
- Cov khoom ntawm lub ntiaj teb novelty - dab tsi yog tso tawm thawj zaug ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua lag luam. Qhov piv txwv pom tseeb tshaj plaws yog Apple, uas tau pib lub iPad thawj zaug ntawm kev ua lag luam.
- Cov khoom lag luam tshiab - ib yam uas tau tso tawm thawj zaug ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm ib lub tuam txhab. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, qhov twg cov assortment tau hloov kho los ntawm qee lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab khoom ua si txiav txim siabkuj tsim khaub ncaws rau menyuam yaus.
- Txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom lag luam - ib yam dab tsi uas hloov kho lossis ntxiv cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm - cov khoom qab zib tshiab ntawm cov chips tshiab, ntim cov yogurt tshiab, ntim ntim tshiab ntawm cov hmoov ntxhua.
- Cov khoom hloov tshiab - txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm lossis hloov kho rau qee yam xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab tsim tsheb tso tawm cov qauv tshiab nrog lub cav zoo dua thiab tsis siv neeg kis. Lossis lub tuam txhab khaub ncaws caij ski ua rau kev taug kev thiab taug kev thaum lub caij ntuj sov.
- Repositioning - hloov txoj haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lossis nws cov neeg tuaj saib. Piv txwv li, hloov tus qauv tsim rau cov hluas kom muag rau cov hluas.
- Txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom - tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo nqi, hloov kho thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab (uas tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj) kev siv cov khoom pheej yig dua.
Lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom lag luam no tso cai rau koj tswj hwm thiab ntxiv dag zog rau koj txoj haujlwm hauv kev ua lag luam, tuav lub niche tshiab, siv cov peev txheej thiab cov thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm, nce cov txiaj ntsig, nthuav koj lub hom phiaj ntu thiab nce kev paub txog hom lag luam.
Tab sis tsis yog tsuas yog kev qhia txog cov khoom tshiab tso cai rau lub tuam txhab ua tus thawj coj hauv kev ua lag luam. Muaj ntau ntau yam tseem ceeb.
Assortment policy
Yuav kom ua qhov tsim nyog hauv kev ua lag luam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab txog cov khoom lag luam zoo. Siab zookhoom hauv kev lag luam yog deb ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua xwb. Cov khoom tsim thiab muag yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov xav tau thiab kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, muaj tus nqi sib tw thiab kev xaiv dav. Nov yog cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau qhov ntau:
- breadth - pes tsawg pab pawg no cov khoom lag luam muaj (piv txwv li, cov khoom siv ntawm lub khw muag khoom noj muaj xws li phaj, lauj kaub, lauj kaub, teeb, thiab lwm yam);
- qhov tob yog qhov sib txawv hauv pab pawg (piv txwv li, pab pawg "cov lauj kaub" suav nrog stewpans, ladles, ducklings, fondue pots, thiab lwm yam)
- saturation qhia tias muaj pes tsawg ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntau;
- kev sib haum xeeb - yuav ua li cas cov khoom sib koom ua ke.
Ib lub ntsiab lus tag nrho ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev tshuaj xyuas ABC sib sib zog nqus ntawm ntau yam. Nrog nws cov kev pab, nws tau txiav txim siab proportionally uas cov khoom coj cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, thiab raws li cov kev suav no, cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws yog tsim.
Ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg sib tw
Ntxiv rau qhov tsim nyog muag, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas koj txoj kev lag luam tiag tiag. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam, nws suav tias yog qhov nyuaj - zoo, dav, kev sib tw.
txhawm rau ntsuas seb cov khoom puas sib tw, koj yuav tsum xub txheeb xyuas kev lag luam rau cov khoom zoo sib xws thiab cov tuam txhab tsim khoom. Tom qab ntawd ntsuas koj lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog, txheeb xyuas cov khoom tsis zoo, txheeb xyuas koj tus kheej thiab cov neeg sib tw tus nqi. ATRaws li qhov tshwm sim, ib txoj kev npaj tau teeb tsa los kho qhov tsis txaus, dab tsi yuav muab tshiab lossis yuav ua li cas kom sawv tawm ntawm cov tuam txhab sib tw, dab tsi yuav yog tus nqi zoo thiab yuav txo cov nqi li cas.
kev lag luam mix
Hauv kev lag luam, cov khoom lag luam tau nkag siab tias yog qhov nyuaj ntawm tus nqi, muag, khoom muag thiab kev tshaj tawm lossis kev lag luam sib xyaw. Peb tham txog txoj cai assortment saum toj no.
Tsim cov nqi, tus nqi siv feem ntau yog siv (raws li tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab muag khoom). Feem ntau, cov neeg tsim khoom siv tus nqi, zoo li tus neeg sib tw, thiab sib txawv nrog kev pab cuam ntawm cov nyiaj cheb, kev txhawb nqa thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam ntxiv. Thiab tsis tshua muaj heev, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb, tus nqi yog teem los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus ntawm nws txiav txim siab.
Txoj cai muag khoom suav nrog kev tshawb nrhiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam, ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg nruab nrab, tsim cov khw muag khoom, cov xa khoom thiab ntau dua.
Thiab, thaum kawg, kev nce qib suav nrog txhua qhov ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj ncees ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg siv khoom, los ntawm kev ntim khoom txaus nyiam los tsim cov duab thiab cov duab ntawm lub tuam txhab, kev tshaj tawm ncaj qha thiab nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Cov khoom lag luam lub neej
Cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam yog lub tswv yim hloov tas li. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg ua lag luam yuav tsum nkag siab meej tias txawm tias muaj kev siv zog thiab kev nqis peev ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev txhawb nqa, sai lossis tom qab txhua yam khoom muaj nws qhov nce thiab nqis. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws lub neej voj voog. Nws muaj 5 theem:
- kev txhim kho khoom lag luam - pib los ntawm lub tswv yim uastshwm nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, xaus nrog cov creation ntawm ib tug ua lag ua luam txoj kev npaj thiab nce qib;
- Kev tsim thiab kev siv cov khoom lag luam yog ib theem uas feem ntau ua rau poob rau tus tsim, txij li cov neeg siv khoom tseem tsis tau paub txog cov khoom, thiab nws yuav siv ntau qhov kev nqis peev los sim nws ntawm kev ua lag luam - ntau lawm, xauj, kev thauj mus los, kev tshaj tawm, thiab lwm yam;
- khoom lag luam loj hlob - nyob rau theem no, kev siv zog ua rau dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab cov neeg siv khoom paub txog cov khoom, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev nce muag thiab cov txiaj ntsig;
- khoom lag luam kom loj hlob yog lub sijhawm saturation thaum muaj coob tus neeg tau txais kev paub nrog cov khoom, thiab thaum cov chaw tsim khoom muaj cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws thiab xyaum tsis siv nyiaj los tswj txoj haujlwm ntawm cov khoom thiab nws cov kev sib tw;
- poob qis - cov khoom lag luam glut, cov neeg siv khoom xav tau qee yam tshiab, yog li cov txiaj ntsig tau poob qis, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev rov qab los rau kev muag khoom siab tshaj plaws - cov khoom tsim tshiab, cov nqi nce qib, nce qib, thiab lwm yam.
Tom qab dhau los ntawm cov theem no, cov khoom yuav tsis tas yuav rov qab mus rau qhov siab tshaj ntawm kev muag khoom dua. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua lag luam - kom muaj peev xwm rov kho cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam uas xav tau nws ploj mus.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tau txoj haujlwm siab hauv khw
Muaj ntau lub tswv yim tshaj tawm kev lag luam, thiab muaj ntau yam tsis txaus ntseeg uas cuam tshuam rau kev thov. Cov no yog tus nqi thiab zoo, kev pabcuam, kev pabcuam tomqab muag, nyiaj tshwj xeeb thiab luv nqi, kev pabcuam zoo, zam, style thiab ntau ntxiv.
Txoj kev nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm kev nyiam cov neeg yuav khoom yog tus nqi, nrognws tsis yog ib txwm ib tug ntse txo tus nqi nce thov. Piv txwv li, rau cov khoom tseem ceeb, kev muag khoom yuav nce, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua rau tus nqi nce ntxiv.
Lwm yam cuab yeej zoo yog kev tshaj tawm. Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab tias nws yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom (rau qhov no koj yuav tsum nkag siab meej tias koj cov neeg tuaj saib yog leej twg), muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw thiab raws sijhawm.
Txo nqi, nce qib, tshwj xeeb, kev pab cuam ntxiv - lwm yam cuab yeej siv tau zoo los tsim qhov kev thov ntau dhau rau cov khoom.
Feem ntau hauv kev lag luam, cov khoom lag luam nkag siab tias yog hom khoom lag luam. Ntau tus neeg siv khoom txaus siab them nyiaj ntau dua rau cov khoom lag luam, vim tias nws yog kev lees paub ntawm qhov zoo lossis kev thov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis tsuas yog los tsim ib tug zoo cov khoom, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej cov duab thiab kev lees paub ntawm lub tuam txhab.
Los ntawm txoj kev, txog qhov zoo. Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nce qib, vim tias cov khoom tsim nyog ruaj khov yuav pom nws cov neeg siv khoom.
Ntau yam nyob ntawm kev xaiv, tus neeg muag khoom, lub caij nyoog, lub sijhawm thiab qhov chaw muag, tus naj npawb ntawm kev muab, kev tshuaj xyuas zoo thiab ntau ntxiv.
Siv qhov xaus
Txhua yam peb yuav, ntawm zaub mov mus rau cov kev pabcuam peb siv, yog khoom muag. Nws muaj qee yam yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau peb txoj kev xaiv thaum yuav - ergonomic, zoo nkauj, haumxeeb, nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam. Peb yuav lawv raws li peb tus kheej nyiam, dav ntawm assortment, zam, txiaj ntsig, kev lag luam, kav ntev. Ntau qhov kev thov rau cov khoomtxiav txim siab txog theem uas cov khoom mus dhau hauv kev ua lag luam - kev taw qhia, kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob lossis poob. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom hauv kev lag luam.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua lag luam yog siv cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam (muag, nqi, khoom lag luam thiab kev tshaj tawm) los txhawb cov khoom lag luam thiab ua kom muaj kev muag khoom siab thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm nws. Yog tias tag nrho cov nyiaj no raug ntsuas thiab siv kom raug, cov khoom lag luam yuav muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua los tuav txoj haujlwm siab hauv kev ua lag luam, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yuav kav ntev dua thiab sib tw ntau dua.
