Infocommunication systems thiab tes hauj lwm yog ib ceg tshiab ntawm kev lag luam, kev loj hlob uas nyob ntawm kev nplij siab ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Lawv tsim nyog xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev ncua deb.
keeb kwm keeb kwm
Infocommunication systems thiab networks thawj zaug tsim nyias. Kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis tau cuam tshuam nrog cov tswv lag luam hauv xov tooj tsim lawv txoj kev lag luam ntawm kev siv lub suab tsheb. Cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis tau ua raws li nws txoj kev txhim kho, lawv tau cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim software.
Nyob hauv Internet
Kev maj mam txhim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis tau ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv ceev ceev, khoos phis tawj tau pib ua ke rau hauv cov tes hauj lwm hauv zos. Lawv pib faib cov muaj zog tshwj xeebmachines - servers, cov peev txheej tseem ceeb uas muaj rau lwm tus neeg siv network. Qhov xwm txheej no tau ua rau kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis hauv lub network, vim tias qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ceev ceev tau loj hlob.
Yuav tsum tau txuas cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv uas nyob deb ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no yog li cas Internet, uas yog ib tug intermediary ntawm tes hauj lwm, tau yug los. Nws muab cov kev sib txuas hauv ib cheeb tsam hauv ib lub ntiaj teb.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws.
Tam sim no, infocommunication systems thiab networks yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev. Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv ib ceg ntawm infocommunication yog ib qho kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, lo lus "kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib txuas lus" yuav dhau los siv ntau dua, vim tias muaj pes tsawg lub tuam txhab thiab cov koom haum uas cov thev naus laus zis no yuav tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav loj hlob.
cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig
Infocommunication tes hauj lwm thiab kev sib txuas lus systems yog ib tug complex txheej txheem sib txawv txhais tau tias kom muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm txawv cov lus nyob rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb xav tau nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo.
Lawv yog raws li cov kab ke sib kis tau ntau dua fiber ntau, kho qhov muag, hluav taws xob cables thiab cov xov tooj cua, uas yog tsim los tsim cov kev sib raug zoo thiab cov channel.
Txoj Kev Kawm
HowKuv puas tuaj yeem tau txais qhov tshwj xeeb "kev sib txuas lus xov xwm thiab kev sib txuas lus"? Txoj haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv digital tam sim no tshwj xeeb hauv kev thov thiab cuam tshuam. Peb xav tau cov kws tshaj lij uas paub txog technology.
GEF tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm ua haujlwm theem nrab rau cov kawm tiav. "Infocommunication systems and networks" - ib qho kev taw qhia uas cov neeg kawm tiav tuaj yeem tau txais txoj haujlwm ua "tus kws tshaj lij".
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm
GEF yuav tsum ua li cas rau cov kws tshaj lij ICT? "Infocommunication networks thiab kev sib txuas lus systems" yog ib qho tshwj xeeb, cov tswv uas yuav tsum muab ib qho chaw uas muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo, xov tooj cua tshaj tawm, thiab TV. Tus kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm nrog ntau yam kev sib txuas lus, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub neej ntawm kev sib kis.
Cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub rau kev txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm thiab kev sib txuas lus tso cai rau cov kws tshaj lij los muab cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws kis mus rau qhov kev ncua deb.
Qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa yog muab rau kev siv tshuab kho qhov muag, vim qhov kev nce hauv kev hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv ceev thiab kev txhim kho hauv kev sib txuas lus zoo.
yam tseem ceeb
Qhia txoj haujlwm "ntau txoj kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj" suav nrog kev siv cov kev qhuab qhia kev kawm. Hauv kev qhuab qhia, cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm software cov ntaub ntawv encryption technologies los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd,yav tom ntej cov kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim hais txog kev teeb tsa thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm digital thiab cable kis tau tus mob, paub txog cov hauv paus ntawm kev tsim cov infocommunication systems thiab networks. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab tshaj lij cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm lub koom haum ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm.
Yuav ua li cas kawm tiav
Cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum ua haujlwm hauv kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus sib txuas. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tes hauj lwm yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tshwj xeeb ua cov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kev pabcuam thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Cov kws kho mob xav tau hauv kev lag luam thiab tsoomfwv cov lag luam. Lawv ua kev saib xyuas thiab teeb tsa cov kab sib txuas lus, ua tiav kev kuaj mob.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau koom nrog kev tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag thiab cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, txiav txim siab cov kev xaiv los kho lawv txoj haujlwm. Ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam, cov kws tshaj lij no tau koom nrog kev ntsuas cov cuab yeej ntsuas, nruab thiab ua haujlwm tswj hwm kev sib koom ua ke hauv computer. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm suav nrog kev teeb tsa, kev teeb tsa, kev saib xyuas cov khoom siv network.
Tus kws tshaj lij tswj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov khoom siv network, cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem network. Lawv siv txoj kev ntseeg siab los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv hauv lawv cov haujlwm tshaj lij.
Lwm lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij no yog:
- ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub tshuab muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas ntau yam teeb meem;
- kom muaj kev nyab xeebcomputer system tu;
- saib xyuas cov txheej txheem tshiab;
- kev npaj ua haujlwm;
- kev tshawb nrhiav kev lag luam
Cov kws tshaj lij tsim thiab ua haujlwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb sib kis, ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb tsis siv neeg. Cov kawm tiav nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm "multichannel telecommunication systems" ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv linear hardware khw, chaw sib txuas lus, xov tooj cua relay khw.
Kev sib txuas lus yog txhua yam uas nyob ib puag ncig tus neeg niaj hnub, yog siv los ntawm nws txhua hnub. Nws yog cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis uas yog lub cav tseem ceeb ntawm kev nce qib. Qhov kev lag luam no yog ib qho kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws. Ua tsaug rau kev sib txuas lus, lub neej zoo ntawm tus neeg niaj hnub no tau txhim kho zoo.
Lo lus "telecommunication" muaj ob lo lus: "tele" (los ntawm Greek li "far"), "kev sib txuas lus" (los ntawm Latin - "kev sib txuas"). Yog li, qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv hla qhov kev ncua deb uas siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, ntaub ntawv, computer, network technologies. Kev sib txuas lus suav nrog kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj cua, Is Taws Nem, xov tooj ntawm tes thiab satellite kev sib txuas lus, ATMs, khw hauv online, kev sib tham. Kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis tau nkag siab tias yog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhim kho cov digital thiab analog systems thiab kev sib txuas lus, suav nrog World Wide Web. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus xav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuab, khoom siv, softwaresoftware uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob kev co ntawm lub xov tooj cua, cable raws nyob rau hauv txawv wavelengths.
Kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj thiab cov tshuab tau muab faib ua pawg loj uas tso cai rau kev xa tawm, tsom, faib cov ntaub ntawv, duab, ntawv, xa xov xwm ntau thiab xov xwm, xa cov xov xwm tso suab, tswj kev xa xov hluav taws xob, thiab muab thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kev pabcuam hauv web.
Lawv tuaj yeem yog lub zos, muaj peev xwm npog thaj chaw me me. Kuj tseem muaj cov kab ke ib puag ncig uas npog thaj chaw tseem ceeb.
Cov tes hauj lwm thoob ntiaj teb npog qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb.
Txhawm kom tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm kev cob qhia ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb koom nrog hauv kev saib xyuas thiab kho cov tshuab computer, cov qauv kev kawm ntawm ib tiam tshiab tau tsim.
Zoo kawg
Cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav qib siab ua haujlwm thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab uas kawm nyob rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb "kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib txuas lus" yuav tsum paub zoo hauv cov khoom siv sib txuas lus: network cards, modems, network cables, intermediate khoom. Qhov tshwj xeeb "kev sib txuas lus" lav cov tub ntxhais kawm kev cob qhia zoo hauv kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, khoos phis tawj ntawm kev tsim thiab tshuaj xyuas, programming, tsim cov tes hauj lwm rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawmceev ceev, tswj tus kheej cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub network, kev siv cov tshuab computer digital.
