Cov tswv yim lag luam lag luam: kev ua haujlwm, kev txhim kho thiab kev tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov tswv yim lag luam lag luam: kev ua haujlwm, kev txhim kho thiab kev tshuaj xyuas
Cov tswv yim lag luam lag luam: kev ua haujlwm, kev txhim kho thiab kev tshuaj xyuas
Anonim

Txoj kev xaiv ntawm kev lag luam zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Ib qho kev tsim khoom tsim tau zoo tso cai rau koj nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam, nce lub tuam txhab kev lag luam, ntsuas qib ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig nyiaj txiag.

Yuav ua li cas yog kev lag luam?

Hauv kev nkag siab dav dav, kev lag luam (lossis kev faib tawm) txhais tau tias kev xa khoom ntawm kev lag luam cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom lossis cov neeg siv khoom. Txhawm rau npaj ib qho kev faib khoom, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim cov qauv logistics thiab kev faib tawm. Lub tswv yim yuav tsum txhais cov naj npawb thiab hom intermediaries nyob rau hauv kev faib network, tus nqi ntawm cov lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom rau tus neeg yuav khoom nruab nrab thiab zaum kawg, xav tau kev pab ntxiv ua ntej thiab / lossis tom qab muag, nrog rau kev tswj hwm thiab kev sib txuas lus li cas. cov neeg koom hauv cov saw hlau. Txoj kev lag luam tau muab faib ua hnyav thiab tshwj xeeb. Thawj qhov cuam tshuam nrog kev muag khoom los ntawm kev sib txuas lus dav dav ntawm cov neeg xa khoom txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau cuam tshuam yog kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Nrog rau kev koom tes tshwj xeeb, cov chaw tsim khoom muaj txoj caimuab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb hais txog qhov ntau, tus nqi thiab cov khoom tsim.

Daim duab kev muag khoom
Daim duab kev muag khoom

Kev xaiv ntawm qhov no lossis txoj kev muag khoom yog nyob ntawm kev them nyiaj ntawm lub khw, seb cov khoom puas yog ib feem ntawm tus nqi, qhov ntim ntau lawm, peev nyiaj txiag ntawm kev lag luam thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev lag luam, cov tswv yim muag khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Ib qho kev tsim khoom tsim tau zoo tso cai rau koj nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam, nce lub tuam txhab kev lag luam, ntsuas qib ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig nyiaj txiag.

Muag khoom

Lub logistics thiab kev lag luam yuav tsum ua ntau txoj haujlwm, qee qhov raug coj los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, lwm qhov los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom (cov muag khoom muag thiab cov khw muag khoom).

Kev npaj thawj zaug:

  • Npaj muag ntim raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam tam sim no.
  • Kev xaiv cov kev faib tawm, kev thauj mus los thiab cov khoom lag luam.
  • Defining daim ntawv ntawm ntim thiab assortment.
  • Xaiv ntawm kev faib tawm thiab siv tus nqi.

Lub koom haum ua haujlwm:

  • Kev koom tes ntawm kev xa khoom thiab kev cia khoom.
  • Kev koom tes tom qab-thiab ua ntej-muag kev pabcuam, kev cob qhia cov neeg muag khoom thiab lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm.
  • Tsim kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg siv khoom thiab npaj kev muag khoom.
  • Kev koom tes ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm kev faib tawm.

Kev sib koom tes thiab kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm:

  • Saib xyuas kev ua raws li kev muag khoom thiab kev npaj muag.
  • Kev muag khoom.
  • Kev ntsuas ntawm kev txheeb cais thiab cov ntawv qhia txog nyiaj txiag ntawm cov lag luam nruab nrab.
  • Kev tsom xam kev lag luam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab.

Kev Lag Luam thiab Nyiaj Txiag:

  • Txhawb kev thov, segmentation ntawm kev ua lag luam kom ntxiv dag zog rau txoj haujlwm.
  • Influence on market price.
  • Cawm cov neeg sib tw.
  • Make a profit.

Txoj kev lag luam ncaj nraim

Kev muag khoom tuaj yeem nqa tawm yam tsis muaj tus neeg nruab nrab, ncaj qha los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov qauv zoo li no hu ua txoj kab ncaj nraim. Kev muag khoom tuaj yeem nqa tawm los ntawm lub khw hauv online, lub network ntawm cov neeg muag khoom, los ntawm lub tuam txhab lub tsev khaws khoom (nyiaj ntsuab thiab nqa), los ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov chaw sawv cev. Kev lag luam ncaj qha yog siv thaum:

  • muag tau siab;
  • tus nqi ntawm cov khoom qis dua tus nqi muag thiab cov nyiaj tau los them rau cov nqi ntawm kev teeb tsa lawv tus kheej;
  • cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb tsawg tsawg thiab nyob hauv thaj chaw me me;
  • Cov khoom xav tau kev pabcuam tshaj lij lossis raug txiav txim.

Nrog rau kev lag luam ncaj qha, cov chaw tsim khoom ntsib ntau tus nqi rau kev thauj mus los, xauj tsev rau khoom thiab chaw muag khoom, kev cob qhia cov ntaub ntawv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, nqi xov tooj, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim cov tuam txhab lag luam yog lub sijhawm siv thiab xav tau tas li. tswj. Txawm li cas los xij, hom kev lag luam no ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab rau kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg siv khoom, tso cai rau koj los teb sai sai rau txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauvmarket.

Direct thiab indirect faib raws
Direct thiab indirect faib raws

Indirect marketing method

Txhawm rau txhim kho kev muag khoom, qee tus neeg tsim khoom siv rau lub network ntawm tus neeg nruab nrab ywj pheej. Xws li ntau theem kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev tsis muaj nyiaj txiag rau lub koom haum ntawm nws tus kheej kev muag khoom. Txoj kev tsis ncaj yog siv thaum:

  • Pab pawg ntawm cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm nthuav dav;
  • khoom siv ntau xav tau;
  • kev lag luam yog thaj chaw sib cais;
  • qhov txawv ntawm tus nqi thiab tus nqi kawg yog me me.

Yog tias hauv kev lag luam ncaj qha cov chaw tsim khoom cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog tus neeg yuav khoom, nrog rau txoj kev tsis ncaj, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua tiav nrog tus neeg nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los tuav lub tuam txhab cov duab lossis cov nqi cuam tshuam. Kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab, lawv cov lej thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov haujlwm yog cov theem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tswv yim muag.

hom kev lag luam tsis ncaj ncees

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev siv kev faib tawm ncaj qha. Cov neeg nruab nrab tseem ceeb yog:

  • Agents thiab brokers yog koom nrog hauv kev faib khoom ntawm cov khoom uas pab hauv kev lag luam. Tus broker tsis ncaj qha rau kev muag khoom, tsis muaj nws tus kheej txoj cai rau cov khoom, tsis khaws lawv cov khoom lag luam thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo. Nws txoj haujlwm yog nrhiav tus neeg yuav khoom thiab npaj kev sib cog lus. Cov neeg sawv cev nkag mus rau hauv cov ntawv cog lus nrog cov tuam txhab, uas teev tag nrho lawv cov dej num thiab kev ua haujlwm: thaj chaw thaj chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau cov neeg siv khoom, qib ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov khoom, kev muab kev lees paub, kev xa khoom thiab kev pabcuam, thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis yog xwb.npaj kev muag khoom, tab sis kuj koom nrog hauv kev npaj, qhia cov khoom tshiab rau kev ua lag luam, qhia cov neeg siv khoom. Cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab no yog siv nrog thaj chaw dav dav ntawm kev lag luam thiab muag hauv ntau me me.
  • Cov tswv lag luam tau txais cov tswv cuab ntawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev lossis cov chaw tsim khoom yam tsis tau txais cov cai ua lag luam. Raws li cov neeg ua lag luam ywj pheej, lawv muaj lawv tus kheej ua lag luam, muag cov khoom muag ntawm cov khw muag khoom thiab teeb tsa cov paj ntawm lawv qhov kev txiav txim siab. Cov tswv lag luam tawm lus lav thiab muab kev pabcuam.
Cov txheej txheem rau kev xaiv hom kev faib tawm channel
Cov txheej txheem rau kev xaiv hom kev faib tawm channel
  • Consignees yog cov neeg nruab nrab uas npaj cov chaw tsim khoom cov khoom hauv lawv lub tsev rau khoom nrog kev muag khoom tom ntej. Lawv tsis yuav khoom. Kev muag khoom yog ua raws li daim ntawv cog lus nrog tus neeg muag khoom, uas qhia txog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, ntim thiab cov nqe lus ntawm kev muag khoom.
  • Cov neeg muag khoom tau koom nrog kev muag khoom ntawm lawv tus kheej, xaus lus pom zoo nrog cov tuam txhab thiab cov neeg yuav khoom. Xws li cov neeg nruab nrab tau teeb tsa tus nqi rau cov khoom, ua kev tshaj tawm, muab kev pabcuam thiab kev pabcuam lav, muaj lawv tus kheej lub tsev rau khoom cia thiab cov khw muag khoom thiab cov khw muag khoom.

Ib ntu ntawm kev muag khoom zoo tsim

Kev xaiv ntawm kev muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws pib nrog kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam. Kev ntsuas kev ua lag luam suav nrog kev xav txog ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau kev muag khoom: kev muag khoom thiab kev xav tau, qib nqi hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm kev ua, kev lag luam kev lag luam los ntawm lub tuam txhab, cov neeg sib tw ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam. Cov xwm txheej no txiav txim siab lub hom phiajmarketing tswv yim.

Lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tuam txhab kev muag khoom yuav tsum ua raws li tag nrho cov tswv yim kev lag luam, nrog rau cov cai tswj hwm thiab peev nyiaj txiag. Lub hom phiaj kev faib tawm tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no:

  • Kev hloov pauv ntawm txoj kev lag luam uas twb muaj lawm, kev siv lub tswv yim lag luam tshiab vim yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam.
  • Ntseeg lub tuam txhab kev lag luam.
  • Nyob rau hauv kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov khoom muag.
  • Ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab / lossis nkag mus rau lub lag luam tshiab.
  • Txhim kho rau kev hloov pauv hauv lub koom haum thiab cov cai ntawm lub tuam txhab nruab nrab.
  • Tsim koj tus kheej channel rau muag khoom.

Yuav kom siv cov haujlwm tsim, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tshuaj xyuas cov ntawv thiab cov qauv ntawm kev muag khoom. Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab cov khoom muag, lawv txiav txim siab ntawm kev muag khoom ncaj nraim, tsis ncaj lossis sib xyaw.

Algorithm rau kev tsim cov tswv yim muag
Algorithm rau kev tsim cov tswv yim muag

Ua ntej koom nrog cov neeg nruab nrab los koom tes, lawv ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev lag luam. Kev sib tham nrog lwm lub tuam txhab tso cai rau koj los them rau qhov tsis txaus. Yog tias cov chaw tsim khoom raug txwv hauv cov peev txheej nyiaj txiag lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm kev ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm nrog tus xa khoom loj thiab hloov qee qhov kev lag luam rau nws yuav yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li, nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev tsim lub tswv yim kev lag luam, lub zog ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab tau txiav txim siab. Lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog kev pabcuam, kev tshaj tawm hauv zos, kev xa khoom, qiv, thiab lwm yam, uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom kawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau txhaisassortment ntawm cov khoom muag los ntawm ib tug los yog lwm tus distributor.

Tus naj npawb thiab hom kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam rau cov khoom xav tau, lub tuam txhab lub koob npe nrov, kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg siv khoom, kev pabcuam zoo, thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau tus neeg xa khoom me me tso cai rau koj tswj hwm, teb sai sai rau kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam thiab ua kom muaj kev pabcuam dav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg nruab nrab loj tuaj yeem khaws cov khoom lag luam loj thiab muab kev pabcuam zoo dua. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov tswv yim kev lag luam tsis ncaj, nyob ntawm cov dej num thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam, txiav txim siab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov neeg nruab nrab.

Tom qab kev pom zoo ntawm lub tswv yim thiab kev xa tawm, lub tuam txhab xaiv cov neeg nruab nrab tshwj xeeb, thiab tseem xaiv cov qauv ntawm lub koom haum tswj hwm thiab kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm.

Kev faib tawm ntawm kev faib tawm ncaj qha hom

Txoj kev muag khoom los ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab tau muab faib raws li hom kev lag luam, kev taw qhia, kev sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg siv khoom kawg thiab txoj kev muag khoom. Txhua hom kev faib tawm muaj ntau hom ntawv uas ua tau raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam.

Kev lag luam:

  • Intensive, piv txwv li cov neeg xa khoom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm txhua hom yog siv rau kev lag luam loj. Daim ntawv no yog siv rau cov khoom ntawm txhua hnub lossis impulsive xav tau, txhawm rau kom paub txog hom lag luam thiab nce kev sib koom ntawm kev lag luam. Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog kev nyuaj hauv kev tswj tus nqi thiab ua raws li kev lag luam tag nrho.
  • Kev xaiv, piv txwv li ua haujlwm nrog tsawg tus neeg nruab nrab. Haum rau cov khoom uas tau xaiv ua ntej thiab cov khoom uas xav tau kev saib xyuas kom yooj yim. Xws li kev koom tes txwv tsis pub lub tuam txhab kev lag luam sib faib thiab ua rau lub tuam txhab nyob ntawm tus neeg nruab nrab, tab sis nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau tus nqi, xa cov khoom muag hauv ntau qhov muag, txuag ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv zos thiab txhim kho lub koob npe nrov.
Kev muag khoom zoo los ntawm hom kev lag luam npog
Kev muag khoom zoo los ntawm hom kev lag luam npog
  • Tshwj xeeb, ua los ntawm ib tus neeg nruab nrab. Nws yog siv rau hauv kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom kim heev uas xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo. Unprofitable rau feem ntau manufacturers, raws li nws txwv kev ua lag luam qhia thiab ua rau lub tuam txhab raws li tag nrho cov distributor.
  • Tus franchise yog ib daim ntawv ntawm cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb uas tus tswv franchise hloov mus rau tus neeg nruab nrab txoj cai siv nws tus kheej thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim khoom thiab muag khoom. Tus franchisor txuag nyiaj ntawm lub koom haum ntawm kev tsim khoom, tau txais nyiaj ntsuab ntws los ntawm franchise thiab ua rau kom muaj kev paub txog kev lag luam hauv khw. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv no muaj qhov tsis zoo, vim tias lub koob npe nrov ntawm lub tuam txhab nyob ntawm qhov kev ua ntawm tus neeg nruab nrab nkaus xwb.

Sales Orientation:

  • Rau cov neeg yuav khoom - txhais tau hais tias qhov kev ntsuas ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau, ntu ntu ntawm kev ua lag luam raws li lawv, nce ntau ntxiv raws li qhov kev thov hloov pauv.
  • Rau cov khoom - yog txhawm rau txhawb nqa cov khoom lag luam, nce kev paub txog hom lag luam thiab nrhiav kev tshiab los muag.

Kev Muag Khoom:

  • Nyob zoocov. txo lossis ua kom tiav kev muag khoom. Nws yog siv thaum muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov khoom, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi xav tau, lossis ib tus neeg txawv teb chaws tau ua tsis tau raws li cov haujlwm thiab ua rau lub tuam txhab puas tsuaj.
  • Passive, tsis tas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau nrog cov neeg siv khoom. Siv thaum muag cov khoom siv qis qis, thaum muag los ntawm cov khw muag khoom loj, lossis thaum lub npe nrov nrov.
  • Tawm, uas cov chaw tsim khoom txhawb nqa cov khoom hauv txhua txoj hauv kev. Txoj kev yog qhov nrov thaum muag cov khoom lag luam ntawm qhov kev thov dhau los, cov khoom raws caij nyoog lossis cov khoom muaj nqi tshaj.
  • Tus kws tshaj lij, lossis cov neeg siv khoom tsom. Nws tau nquag siv hauv B2B muag, rau cov khoom lag luam ntev thiab kev muag khoom tom ntej rau tib tus neeg yuav khoom. Cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam yog tsom rau kev tswj hwm kev sib koom tes ntev ntev nrog cov neeg siv khoom.

Txoj kev sib txuas lus:

"Pushing" txhais tau hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau txhua tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm lub network faib khoom kom paub ntau ntxiv ntawm lawv tus kheej cov khoom rau hauv tus khub cov khoom sib txawv. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txhawb thiab txhawb cov neeg xa khoom: kev cob qhia pub dawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab, kev them nyiaj rov qab ib nrab ntawm cov nqi tshaj tawm, muab nyiaj tshwj xeeb, khoom plig nyiaj ntsuab rau cov neeg muag khoom, kev sib tw ntawm cov chaw muag khoom, thiab lwm yam

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev thawb lub tswv yim
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev thawb lub tswv yim
  • "Pull-in", lossis tsom rau tus tsim khoom ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Tuam txhabua cov kev tshaj tawm loj loj txhawm rau txhawm rau nce qhov kev thov thiab kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom, tswj cov khoom muaj nyob ntawm cov khoom muag, npaj cov kev pabcuam zoo thiab xa khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, intermediaries lawv tus kheej txaus siab rau kev koom tes nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais kev muag khoom loj. Cov tswv yim no feem ntau siv los ntawm cov lag luam loj, vim tias nws yuav tsum tau them nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb.
  • Lub tswv yim kev lag luam "ua ke" ua ke thawj ob txoj kev xaiv. Nws tsuas yog siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj uas muaj peev xwm dais cov nqi ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib raug zoo nrog ob tus neeg yuav khoom thiab cov neeg xa khoom.

Cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem xaiv hom kev faib khoom raws li nws lub peev xwm tam sim no. Kev nthuav dav feem ntau yog txav mus rau cov tswv yim txhawb nqa ntau dua.

Yuav nrhiav dab tsi thaum xaiv tus neeg nruab nrab?

Intermediaries yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov neeg yuav khoom, uas txhais tau hais tias lub koob npe nrov ntawm lub tuam txhab tsim khoom nyob ntawm lawv. Thaum tsim cov tswv yim kev lag luam thiab xaiv cov neeg nruab nrab, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau keeb kwm ntawm cov tuam txhab, lawv cov kev cai lag luam, cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj, muag ntim thiab nyiaj txiag. Yog tias cov chaw tsim khoom npaj siab hloov qee yam haujlwm rau tus khub, kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev muaj cov cuab yeej siv tau ua ntej. Cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem pom zoo rau kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag thiab kev lag luam, kev yuav khoom ntim, kev them nyiaj, tus nqi tsim nyog thiab qib kev pabcuam. Tom qab ntawd cov teeb meem hauv lub koom haum raug daws los ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiabtswj.

Kev Pabcuam Muag Khoom

Txhawm rau ua haujlwm zoo nrog cov neeg nruab nrab, cov tuam txhab tsim cov chaw muag khoom raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev muag khoom, cov khoom lag luam, kev pabcuam thiab kev lag luam loj. Feem ntau, kev faib cov dej num ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwm sim raws li cov hauv qab no:

  • Los ntawm thaj chaw lag luam. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug qauv, txhua tus thawj coj yog lub luag hauj lwm rau ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib cheeb tsam. Qhov siab dua nws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv hierarchy, qhov loj dua ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw uas nws muaj lub luag haujlwm.
  • Los ntawm hom khoom. Txhua tus thawj coj yog lub luag haujlwm rau ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom hauv cov khoom.
  • Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Lub chaw muag khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov neeg siv khoom, muag, kev pabcuam, xa khoom, khoom muag, thiab lwm yam.
  • Los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Thaum cov chaw tsim khoom muag cov khoom siv raws li tus qauv, cov thawj coj ua haujlwm sib cais nrog txhua pab pawg neeg siv khoom.
  • Sib xyaw daim ntawv faib yog siv los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom me thiab nruab nrab thiab suav nrog cov kev pabcuam sib txawv, nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev muag khoom.
Lub tswv yim ntawm cov koom haum sib xyaw ntawm cov chaw muag khoom
Lub tswv yim ntawm cov koom haum sib xyaw ntawm cov chaw muag khoom

Kev ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txoj cai faib khoom

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tswv yim muag ntawm ib lub lag luam suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tiav ntawm cov hom phiaj muag, kev siv cov phiaj xwm muag, qib ntawm cov nyiaj tau los thiab cov nyiaj tau los. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj cov kev ua ub no ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab ntsig txog lub tuam txhab lub koob npe nrov: kev pabcuam zoo, kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev txhawb nqa, kev xa khoom raws sijhawm, tswj cov khoom muag. Cov neeg lag luam ua cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb los ntsuas cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab. Cov tuam txhab lag luam loj tshaj tawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom nrog kev muag khoom siab rau cov neeg xa khoom tsis zoo los txhawb kev txhim kho.

Pom zoo: