Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv xws li tshuab hluav taws xob, chargers thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv. Rau ib qho degree lossis lwm qhov, lawv txhua tus muaj peev xwm hloov pauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog, tab sis tsis yog lawv cov kev siv ib txwm ua rau nws tus kheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab ergonomic zoo. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm qhov tseeb tias txoj haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv tam sim no rau cov neeg tswj hwm feem ntau tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb - txawm li cas los xij, yog tias peb tham txog ob qho tib si ncaj qha thiab hloov tam sim no. Nws yog cov kev txwv no uas txhawb cov tuam txhab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv, uas sib piv nrog nws cov compact loj thiab qhov tseeb voltage stabilization raug.
ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas
Ntau lub xov tooj cua engineering, txhais tau tias ntawm automation thiab kev sib txuas lus tsis tshua ua yam tsis muaj ib-theem thiab peb-theem fais fab khoom siv rau kev hloov pauv tam sim no nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov units mus rau pua pua ntawm volt-amperes. Cov khoom siv mem tes yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm nqaim. Ib qho hluav taws xob converter ntawm ib hom mem tes yog ib qho khoom siv uastransforms lub voltage nyob rau hauv me me lub sij hawm luv luv nrog lub sij hawm ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm 1-2 microns / sec. Qhov voltage pulses yog cov duab plaub thiab rov ua dua ntawm qhov zaus ntawm 500-20,000 Hz.
Tseem niaj hnub voltage-kho hloov pauv feem ntau tswj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev ntsuas. Nws tuaj yeem yog thyristor lossis transistor uas tam sim no ntws tsis tu ncua. Nws yog nws lub zog uas ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua kom sov, vim qhov twg ntawm lub zog poob. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob mem tes zoo li ntxim nyiam dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm, txij li nws cov qauv tsim muab rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, uas ua rau txo qis hauv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam. Qhov hloov kho ntawm lub converter yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ntau hom - piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub xeev qhib thiab kaw. Thiab nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm thermal zog yog tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, uas kuj ua rau kom cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej.
Inverter assignment
Txawm qhov twg yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, lub tshuab hluav taws xob pulse yog siv rau hauv ib lossis lwm qhov kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm. Nyob rau thawj theem ntawm lawv cov kev faib dav dav, lawv tau siv feem ntau hauv tshuab pulse - piv txwv li, hauv triode generators, roj lasers, magnetrons thiab cov khoom siv xov tooj cua sib txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov cuab yeej txhim kho, lawv tau pib siv rau hauv feem ntau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Thiab nws tsis tascov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Ib zaug ntxiv, nyob rau hauv txawv versions, lub mem tes converter tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv computers thiab TVs, tshwj xeeb.
Lwm yam, tab sis tsis paub zoo txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm transformers ntawm hom no yog kev tiv thaiv. Los ntawm nws tus kheej, kev cai impulse tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, tab sis lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yog pib sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb muab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv luv luv hauv kev thauj khoom. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov cuab yeej ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv idling hom. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv mem tes uas tiv thaiv overheating thiab overvoltage nce.
Tsim cov cuab yeej
Lub converter muaj ob peb windings (tsawg kawg yog ob). Thawj thiab lub ntsiab yog txuas nrog lub network, thiab qhov thib ob yog xa mus rau lub hom phiaj ntaus ntawv. Windings tuaj yeem ua los ntawm txhuas lossis tooj liab alloys, tab sis nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, raws li txoj cai, siv cov kua roj vanish ntxiv. Cov xov hlau raug mob rau ntawm lub hauv paus insulating, uas yog tsau rau ntawm cov tub ntxhais - lub sib nqus Circuit Court. Nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus converters, cov cores yog ua los ntawm transformer hlau los yog ib tug mos magnetic alloy, thiab nyob rau hauv high-frequency converters, lawv yog raws li ferrite.
Qhov tsawg zaus sib nqus hluav taws xob nws tus kheej yog tsim los ntawm cov phiaj xwm W, G lossis U-puab. Ferrite cores feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv ib daim - xws li qhov chaw muaj nyob rau hauv vuam inverters thiab galvanic cais transformers. Tsawg zog siab zaus transformers thiabtag nrho dispense nrog cov tub ntxhais, txij li nws txoj haujlwm yog ua los ntawm huab cua ib puag ncig. Rau kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev tsim hluav taws xob sib nqus yog muab los ntawm tus ncej. Qhov no yog lub npe hu ua pulse converter unit, uas tau raug kaw nrog kev tiv thaiv npog nrog cov cim thiab cov ntawv ceeb toom. Yog tias thaum lub sijhawm kho nws yuav tsum tau qhib lub cuab yeej nrog lub hau tshem tawm, qhov kev ua haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm RCD lossis ib qho kev sib cais transformer.
Yog tias peb tham txog cov converters uas siv hauv xov tooj cua niaj hnub thiab hluav taws xob engineering, ces yuav muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv thiab classic voltage transformers. Qhov pom tseeb tshaj qhov txo qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav. Cov khoom siv mem tes tuaj yeem hnyav ntau grams thiab tseem ua tau zoo ib yam.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, cov yuam sij tau siv los tswj cov tam sim no hauv pulse transformers, uas lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov cuam tshuam ntau zaus. Qhov no yog ib yam rau stabilizing qauv uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tam sim no switching hom.
Thaum lub sijhawm ntawm kev hloov pauv, rhiab tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob poob tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev tiv thaiv theem thiab hom kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tawm tswv yim thiab tso tawm. Vim li no, lub zog hloov hluav taws xob hloov pauv nrog lub zog stabilizer muab rau kev siv cov lim dej uas tshem tawm kev cuam tshuam. Txhawm rau txo qis qhov tsis xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov hloov pauv tau hloov thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv tsis ua tam sim no.(thaum qhib). Txoj kev no ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam kuj yog siv rau hauv resonant converters.
Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev txiav txim siab yog qhov tsis zoo sib txawv ntawm cov tswv yim thaum qhov hluav taws xob ruaj khov hauv kev thauj khoom. Uas yog, raws li qhov input voltage nce, tam sim no txo. Qhov tseem ceeb no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account kom ntseeg tau tias kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub converter, uas yog txuas nrog cov peev txheej nrog kev ua haujlwm siab sab hauv.
Sib piv nrog linear converter
Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv tawm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pulse nyiam ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo dua, qhov loj me thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib cais ntawm galvanic ntawm circuits ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis. Txhawm rau muab kev ua haujlwm ntxiv nrog kev khi ntawm cov khoom siv thib peb, kev siv cov txheej txheem sib txuas tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis muaj zog hauv lub pulse converter hauv kev sib piv nrog linear transformers. Cov no suav nrog cov kev tsis zoo hauv qab no:
- Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev hloov pauv tam sim no lossis qhov hluav taws xob hauv qab thauj khoom, lub teeb liab tso zis tsis ruaj khov.
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub suab nrov uas twb tau hais lawm ntawm cov zis thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
- Tom qab tam sim ntawd hloov pauv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab qhov ntsuas tam sim no, lub kaw lus yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua kom rov zoo los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kheej oscillations uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm hom no tsis cuam tshuam nrog lub network tsis ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis nrogkev tsis sib haum xeeb nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim stabilization.
DC/DC Converter
Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom siv impulse ntawm DC / DC system yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov yuam sij tau qhib thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus ntawm cov impulses tshwj xeeb hauv kev coj ntawm lub transistor. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, vim qhov loj hlob voltage, ib tug logical locking ntawm lub transistors tshwm sim, ntxiv mus, tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm recharge lub capacitor. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb no uas paub qhov txawv ntawm DC-DC hloov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom siv zoo sib xws hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ywj pheej.
Feem ntau, cov khoom siv no ua DC voltage xyuas hauv qab thauj khoom hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muab DC fais fab rau hauv daim phiaj. Hom kev tswj no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev kho qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm pej xeem. Cov nqi me me tam sim no ua rau nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm siab, uas qhov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 95%. Kev teeb tsa qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov system yog qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv ntawm cov mem tes tam sim no converters, txawm li cas los xij, kev siv ntawm DC-DC Circuit Court tsis tuaj yeem ua tau hauv txhua qhov tsim. Nyob rau hauv lub cuab yeej, lub network tiv tauj yuav tsum pib ua raws li qhov chaw - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, txoj cai no yog siv hauv cov roj teeb thiab cov roj teeb.
Boost Converter
Nrog kev pab ntawm qhov hloov pauv no, qhov hluav taws xob tau nce los ntawm 12 mus rau 220 V. Nws yog siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj qhov muaj peev xwm tsim nyog, tab sis nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab lub zog rau lub cuab yeej los ntawm tus qauv. network. Hauv lwm lo lus,ib qho adapter yuav tsum tau qhia los ntawm ib qhov chaw nrog qee tus yam ntxwv rau cov neeg siv khoom uas muaj zog sib txawv. Schematic tsim ntawm pulse voltage converters 12-220 V tso cai rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv uas ua haujlwm ntawm zaus ntawm 50 Hz. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov siab tshaj plaws lub zog ntsuas ntawm lub transformer. Thiab txawm hais tias qhov ntsuas tsis sib xws, cov neeg siv khoom siv yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv network overloads. Txoj kev kho qhov hluav taws xob no muaj ntau qhov zoo:
- Muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntev ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
- Auto power output adjustment.
- Kev ua haujlwm nce ntxiv ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hluav taws xob circuit.
down-down hloov pauv hloov pauv
Thaum siv cov khoom siv tsawg zaus lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau txo qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, txoj haujlwm no feem ntau ntsib thaum txuas cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo - piv txwv li, LED backlight. Txhawm rau txo qis lub converter kaw lub regulating switching key, tom qab uas nws accumulates "ntxiv" zog. Ib qho tshwj xeeb diode hauv Circuit Court tsis tso cai tam sim no los ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv tus kheej-induction systems, rectifier diodes tuaj yeem dhau qhov tsis zoo voltage pulses. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm 24-12 V mem tes converters, qhov tso zis stabilization muaj nuj nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ob leeg linear thiabncaj qha impulse stabilizers. Nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua los siv cov khoom siv ntawm hom thib ob nrog qhov dav lossis zaus hloov kho. Hauv thawj kis, lub sijhawm ntawm kev tswj cov pulses yuav raug kho, thiab hauv qhov thib ob, qhov zaus ntawm lawv qhov tshwm sim. Kuj tseem muaj cov stabilizers nrog kev tswj sib xyaw, uas tus neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem, yog tias tsim nyog, hloov qhov kev teeb tsa rau kev kho cov pulses hauv zaus thiab sijhawm.
Pulse Width Converter
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, ib tug ntaus ntawv yog siv uas accumulates zog raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm transformation. Nws tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv cov qauv yooj yim lossis txuas ncaj qha mus rau qhov hluav taws xob input yam tsis siv rau lub converter. Ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov, cov zis yuav yog qhov ntsuas nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, txiav txim siab los ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lub luag haujlwm lub voj voog ntawm cov pulses los ntawm qhov hloov pauv. Lub chaw ua haujlwm amplifier muaj lub tshuab xam zauv tshwj xeeb uas ntsuas qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis tawm, sau npe qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Yog tias qhov tso zis hluav taws xob tsawg dua li qhov kev siv hluav taws xob, tom qab ntawd lub modulator txuas nrog rau cov kev cai, uas ua rau lub sijhawm qhib lub xeev ntawm qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb txheeb ze rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob moos. Raws li qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv, lub hloov pauv hloov hloov kho qhov tseem ceeb tswj Circuit Court kom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov zis thiab qhov siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg.
Zoo kawg
Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas cov cuab yeej pabcuamzoo li rectifiers thiab stabilizers, lub zog ntawm lub converter tau txo qis, txawm tias qhov ua tau zoo tseem nyob rau theem siab. Cov cuab yeej hloov pauv uas tsis tshua ua yam tsis muaj khoom siv ntxiv suav nrog cov tswj hwm hauv AC networks. Yam tsawg kawg ntawm qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub tshuab lim thiab lub rectifier ntawm cov tswv yim. Hloov pauv, pulse converters ntawm cov hluav taws xob ncaj qha ob qho tib si ntawm cov tswv yim thiab ntawm cov zis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv xws li systems, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov cuab yeej ua tau hauj lwm ntawm voltage stabilization. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov kev hloov pauv hloov hauv qhov system stabilizer. Hauv cov ntawv thov uas tsis yog hauv av, nws raug nquahu kom txuas lub suab nrov rau lub converter thaiv.
