Cov khoom siv digital ua lub luag haujlwm nce hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no. Cov khoom siv uas khiav ntawm microcircuits tam sim no tau nkag mus rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov - khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam, cov khoom ua si menyuam yaus, cov khoom siv video-xov tooj cua-tv, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj cov ntawv thov rau cov ntsiab lus analog discrete. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv semiconductor yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov microcircuits niaj hnub no.
Cov cuab yeej no ua haujlwm li cas? Cov khoom siv semiconductor yog lub hauv paus rau cov khoom siv xws li semiconductors. Raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom, lawv nyob ib qho chaw ntawm dielectrics thiab conductors. Lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog dependence ntawm hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm sab nraud kub, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm ionizing thiab lub teeb hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov concentration ntawm impurities. Semiconductors muaj kwv yees tib yam txheej txheem.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob tam sim no nyob rau hauv tej yam khoom, tsuas yog mobile charger nqa tau ib feem. Qhov ntau cov neeg nqa khoom txawb hauv ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov khoom, qhov ntau dua yuav yog hluav taws xob conductivity. Nyob rau hauv cov hlau, zoo li tag nrho cov electronsdawb, thiab qhov no ua rau lawv siab conductivity. Hauv semiconductors thiab dielectrics, muaj cov cab kuj tsawg dua, thiab yog li muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua.
Cov khoom hluav taws xob xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor muaj qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv. Raws li qhov kub nce, nws feem ntau txo qis.
Yog li, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom hu ua semiconductors. Lawv tau pom daim ntawv thov dav tshaj plaws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv electronics thiab hluav taws xob engineering, semiconductor pab kiag li lawm yog siv los hloov ntau yam teeb liab, lawv zaus, amplitude thiab lwm yam tsis. Hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv no tau siv los hloov lub zog.
cov khoom siv semiconductor tuaj yeem faib ua ntau txoj hauv kev. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib tawm yog paub raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, raws li lub hom phiaj, raws li kev tsim, raws li kev tsim technology, raws li thaj chaw thiab thaj chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov, raws li hom khoom.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov chav kawm tseem ceeb, uas ua rau cov khoom siv semiconductor. Cov chav kawm no suav nrog:
- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv uas hloov ib qho nqi rau lwm tus;
- optoelectronic, uas hloov lub teeb teeb liab mus rau hauv hluav taws xob teeb liab thiab vice versa;
- khoom lub xeev cov duab hloov pauv;
- cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thermoelectric uas hloov thermal zog rau hauvhluav taws xob;
- magnetoelectric thiab electromagnetic li;
- piezoelectric thiab strain gauge.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem raug hu ua chav cais ntawm cov khoom siv xws li cov khoom siv semiconductor, uas feem ntau yog sib xyaw, uas yog, lawv muab ntau yam ntxwv hauv ib lub cuab yeej.
Feem ntau cov khoom siv semiconductor yog tsim nyob rau hauv ceramic lossis yas rooj plaub, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kev xaiv tsis ntim khoom.
