Nyob rau hauv kab lus no, lub tshuab nqus tsev amplifier Circuit Court yuav raug kawm kom ntxaws. Tau kawg, cov txheej txheem no tau ntev dhau los, tab sis rau hnub no koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov kiv cua ntawm "retro". Ib tug neeg tsuas nyiam lub suab raj rau digital, thiab ib tug neeg tau koom nrog muab lub neej thib ob rau cov cuab yeej siv tsis tau, rov kho nws me ntsis. Ntau lub xov tooj cua amateurs uas ua haujlwm ntawm huab cua siv cov raj los tsim ib co circuit cascades. Piv txwv li, UHF yooj yim dua los tsim cov teeb hluav taws xob siab, vim lawv yuav nyuaj dhau ntawm cov transistors.
Amp block diagram
Daim duab thaiv zoo li no:
- Signal source (tso zis ntawm microphone, xov tooj, computer, thiab lwm yam).
- Volume control - potentiometer (variable resistor).
- Ib lub tshuab ua ntej ua rau ntawm lub raj (feem ntau yog triode) lossis transistor.
- Lub suab tswj Circuit Court txuas nrog lub anode Circuit Court ntawm lub preamp raj.
- Terminal amplifier. Feem ntau ua rau ntawm pentode, piv txwv li, 6P14S.
- Ib qho cuab yeej sib xws uas tso cai rau koj los ntsaws cov zis ntawm lub suab nrov thiab lub suab hais lus. Raws li txoj cai, lub luag haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm kauj ruam-down transformer (220/12 Volt).
- Fais fab mov uas tsim tawm ob qhov hluav taws xob: DC 250-300V thiab AC 6.3V (12.6V yog tias xav tau).
Raws li daim duab thaiv, tus thawj tswj hwm tau tsim. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kawm txhua qhov ntawm lub kaw lus kom qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm lub amplifier tsis ua teeb meem.
Power woofer
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, lub zog hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsim ob qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tsum muaj peb windings - network, theem nrab thiab tertiary. Qhov kawg ob tsim ib qho kev hloov hluav taws xob ntawm 250-300 V thiab 6.3 V, feem. 6.3V yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov filaments ntawm cov xov tooj cua raj. Thiab yog tias nws, raws li txoj cai, tsis xav tau kev ua haujlwm, piv txwv li, lim thiab kho, ces 250 Volt hloov pauv yuav tsum tau hloov me ntsis. Qhov no yuav tsum tau los ntawm lub tswv yim rau kev txuas lub amplifier rau lub hwj chim qhov chaw.
Rau qhov no, chav tsev rectifier yog siv, uas muaj plaub lub semiconductor diodes, thiab cov lim dej - electrolytic capacitors. Diodes tso cai rau koj los kho qhov hloov pauv tam sim no thiab ua rau nws ncaj qha tam sim no. Thiab capacitors muaj qhov nthuav dav. Yog tias koj saib ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau AC thiab DC (raws li Kirchhoff txoj cai), koj tuaj yeem pom ib qho tshwj xeeb. Ntawmua hauj lwm hauv DC circuits, lub capacitor hloov los ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Tab sis thaum ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug alternating tam sim no Circuit Court, nws yog hloov los ntawm ib tug piece ntawm conductor. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, thaum koj nruab capacitors nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim mov, koj yuav tau txais ib tug ntshiab DC voltage, tag nrho cov AC tivthaiv yuav ploj vim short-circuited outputs nyob rau hauv sib npaug circuits.
Transformer requirements
Ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj qhov xav tau ntawm cov windings kom muaj zog rau anodes thiab filaments ntawm lub teeb. Nyob ntawm seb lub hwj chim amplifier Circuit Court siv li cas, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv voltage rau cov filaments. Tus qauv tus nqi yog 6.3 V. Tab sis qee lub teeb, xws li G-807, GU-50, xav tau qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 12.6 V. Qhov no nyuaj rau kev tsim thiab yuam kev siv lub transformer loj.
Tab sis yog tias koj npaj yuav sib sau ua ke lub suab nrov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntiv tes teeb (6N2P, 6P14P, thiab lwm yam), ces tsis tas yuav muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li no. Them mloog mus rau qhov ntev - yog tias koj xav tau los sib sau ua ke ib lub amplifier me me, ces siv ib co coil transformers. Lawv muaj ib tug drawback - nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais lub hwj chim siab. Yog tias muaj lus nug txog lub zog, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov transformers xws li TS-180, TS-270.
Device case
Rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsawg zaus, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm txhuas lossis galvanized, mounting ntawm xov tooj cua hais yog ua los ntawm txoj kev hinged. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib sau cov cuab yeej ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm luam tawm yog vim cua sov, ob txhais ceg ntawm lub qhov (socket) rau lub teeb pib tev tawm.lem, soldering yog puas. Kev sib cuag ploj mus, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ULF yuav tsis ruaj khov, lub suab nrov nrov tshwm.
Yog hais tias lub transistor amplifier Circuit Court siv nyob rau hauv cov theem ua ntej, ces nws yog tsim nyog los ua rau ib tug me me daim ntawm textolite - nws yuav txhim khu kev qha. Tab sis kev siv cov txheej txheem hybrid imposes nws tus kheej cov khoom noj khoom haus. Rau ULF guitar, koj tuaj yeem npaj nws rau hauv rooj plaub ntoo. Tab sis sab hauv koj yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub chassis hlau uas tag nrho cov cuab yeej yuav sib sau ua ke. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov rooj plaub hlau, vim nws tso cai rau koj kom yooj yim tiv thaiv cov cascades los ntawm ib leeg, uas tshem tawm qhov ua rau nws tus kheej excitation thiab lwm yam cuam tshuam.
ntim thiab lub suab tswj
Ib qho yooj yim amplifier Circuit Court tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog ob qho kev tswj - ntim thiab lub suab. Thawj regulator yog ntsia ncaj qha ntawm ULF cov tswv yim, nws tso cai rau koj hloov tus nqi ntawm cov teeb liab tuaj. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov resistors sib txawv ntawm txhua tus qauv tsim uas yuav ua haujlwm zoo hauv ULF. Yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev tswj lub suab ib yam li - qhov sib txawv ntawm cov resistor muaj nyob rau hauv lub anode Circuit Court ntawm thawj theem. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia qhov kev sib hloov yog tsim los ntxiv cov frequencies siab, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia los tsim kom muaj tsawg zaus.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog ua txhua yam kev lag luam amplifiers ua, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis yooj yim rau kev siv tus qauv tsim. Tab sis qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws lub suab tswj Circuit Court, nws yog wiser rau nruab ib tug me me chav tsev uas yuav cia koj hloov frequencies nyob rau hauv ib tug dav.ntau. Tube amplifier circuits tej zaum yuav muaj me me modules ntawm semiconductors - suab blocks, low-pass lim. Yog tias tsis muaj lub siab xav ua lub suab nrov ntawm koj tus kheej, ces nws tuaj yeem yuav hauv khw. Tus nqi ntawm cov suab nrov no tsawg heev.
Lub suab amplifier
Tab sis lub tso suab ULF zoo mloog ntau dua li monophonic. Thiab ua kom nws ob zaug nyuaj - koj yuav tsum sib sau ua ke lwm ULF nrog tib qhov tsis muaj. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tau txais ob lub tswv yim thiab tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov zis. Ntxiv mus, lub Circuit Court ntawm lub hwj chim amplifier thiab cov theem ua ntej yuav tsum zoo tib yam, txwv tsis pub cov yam ntxwv yuav txawv.
Tag nrho cov capacitors thiab resistors yog tib yam ntawm cov tsis muaj - hais txog qhov loj thiab kam rau ua. Ib qho tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau kev sib txawv kuj yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov qauv ua ke ob qho tib si rau kev tswj lub ntim thiab hauv cov suab nrov. Lub ntsiab lus yog tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov kev hloov kho tsis sib xws ntawm cov kev txwv no hauv ob txoj kev.
System 2.1
Tab sis txhawm rau txhim kho lub suab zoo, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv lub subwoofer uas yuav txhim kho cov zaus qis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub tswv yim dav dav rau kev txuas lub amplifier yuav tsis hloov, tsuas yog qhov thib peb block yuav raug ntxiv. Qhov tseeb, koj yuav tsum xaus nrog peb qhov zoo tib yam mono amplifiers - ib qho rau sab laug channel, sab xis, subwoofer.
Thov nco ntsoov tias lub ntim tswj hauv lub subwoofer yog ua los ntawm ULF. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj hloov qhov nce qib tom qab. Qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm "ntxiv" zaus yog nqa tawm sivib tug yooj yim Circuit Court, uas muaj xws li ob peb capacitors thiab resistances. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntxaij lim dej uas tau npaj ua ntej, uas yog muag ntawm txhua lub khw muag khoom hauv xov tooj cua.
Zoo kawg
Saum toj no, peb tau txiav txim siab lub voj voog ntawm lub raj xa hluav taws xob, uas feem ntau rov qab los ntawm xov tooj cua amateurs hauv lawv cov qauv tsim. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm ib tug neeg uas paub yuav ua li cas tuav ib tug soldering hlau thiab technical ntaub ntawv los ua rau lawv tus kheej. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov resistor los ntawm lub capacitor thiab tsis mob siab kawm ib yam dab tsi, tab sis koj xav tau lub amplifier, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los nug tus kws tshaj lij los ua ULF.
