Muaj ntau lub tswv yim rau kev txuas hluav taws xob motors. Nws tag nrho nyob ntawm seb hom tshuab siv li cas. Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, txhua tus neeg siv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, kwv yees li 2/3 ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov tsim hluav taws xob motors ntawm ntau lub peev xwm nrog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv.
Feem ntau, thaum cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, lub cav tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv lwm cov qauv tsim: ua tshuab ua tsev, lub twj tso kua mis, tshuab txiav nyom, kiv cua. Tab sis ntawm no koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb lub tswv yim twg yuav siv los txuas rau hauv tsev network.
Tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas
Txhawm rau siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum txuas cov windings kom zoo. Cov tshuab hauv qab no tuaj yeem txuas mus rau ib theem 220 V tsev neeg network:
- Asynchronous peb-theem hluav taws xob motors. Fais motors txuas nrog lub network"daim duab peb sab" los yog "lub hnub qub".
- Asynchronous electric motors powered los ntawm ib theem network.
- Combulator motors nruab nrog txhuam tsim los pub lub rotor.
Txhua lwm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau xaim nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Tab sis stepper motors yuav tsum tau nruab nrog tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob tswj circuits. Yog tsis muaj kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse, nrog rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev sib txuas. Koj yuav tsum siv cov kab hluav taws xob sib txuas rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
Ib leeg thiab peb-theem network
Muaj ib theem hauv tsev neeg, qhov hluav taws xob hauv nws yog 220 V. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem txuas peb-theem hluav taws xob motors tsim los rau qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 380 V rau nws. tshwj xeeb circuits yog siv rau qhov no, tab sis Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom nyem ntau dua 3 kW ntawm lub zog tawm ntawm lub cuab yeej, vim tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov xaim hluav taws xob hauv tsev nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, yog tias xav tau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau siv 5 lossis 10 kW hluav taws xob motors, nws yog qhov zoo dua los khiav peb-theem network hauv tsev. Nws yooj yim dua los txuas hluav taws xob motors nrog "hnub qub" rau lub network zoo li mus rau ib theem ib zaug.
Koj xav tau dab tsi los txuas lub cev muaj zog
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog paub rau txhua tus, nws yog raws li kev sib hloov ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus. Thaum txuas ib-theem hluav taws xob motors, koj tsis xav tau kev xav tiag tiag, yog li cov kev paub hauv qab no yuav txaus:
- Koj yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim txog kev tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas koj ua haujlwm rau.
- paub lub hom phiaj uas cov windings tau npaj, thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav kev teeb tsa raws li daim duab txuas lub cev muaj zog.
- Ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej pabcuam - ballast resistors lossis pib capacitors.
- Xaiv lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas nrog siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus.
Nws txwv tsis pub qhib lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog tias koj tsis paub nws cov qauv, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov lus xaus. Nco ntsoov xyuas seb qhov twg winding txuas tau tso cai thaum ua haujlwm ntawm 220 thiab 380 V network. Txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj cov phaj hlau uas txuas nrog lub tsev. Nws qhia tus qauv, hom, kab kos duab, voltage, thiab lwm yam tsis. Yog tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv, ces nws yuav tsum tau ringing tag nrho cov windings siv ib tug multimeter, thiab ces txuas lawv kom raug.
Kev sib txuas lub cev muaj zog
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob zoo li no tau siv hauv yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev. Lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, kas fes grinders, nqaij grinders, ntswj ntsia hlau, cua sov thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog tsim los rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm luv luv, lawv tig rau ob peb feeb lossis feeb. Tab sis cov motors yog heev compact, high-speed thiab haib. Thiab daim duab txuas lub cev muaj zog yog qhov yooj yim heev.
Koj tuaj yeem txuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob zoo li no rau 220 V tsev neeg network yooj yim heev. Voltage tuaj txoglos ntawm theem mus rau txhuam, tom qab ntawd los ntawm rotor winding mus rau lamella opposite. Thiab tus txhuam hniav thib ob tshem tawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab hloov mus rau stator winding. Nws muaj ob halves txuas nrog hauv series. Qhov thib ob tso zis ntawm winding mus rau lub nruab nrab fais fab hlau.
Txoj kev tig lub cev muaj zog
Yuav kom tig lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau thiab tawm, siv lub khawm nrog lub xauv (lossis tsis muaj nws), tab sis qhov hloov yooj yim kuj siv tau. Yog tias tsim nyog, ob qho tib si windings raug sib cais thiab lawv tuaj yeem sib txuas ua ke. Qhov no ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv hauv rotor ceev. Tab sis muaj ib tug drawback ntawm xws motors - ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj peev xwm, uas ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov txhuam. Nws yog cov khoom sib dhos uas yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm lub cav.
Yuav ua li cas txuas ib-theem asynchronous lub cev muaj zog
Hauv txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob asynchronous, tsim los siv los ntawm ib theem 220 V network, muaj ob lub windings - pib thiab ua haujlwm. Raws li ib tug "collector", ib tug cylindrical billet ua los ntawm txhuas yog siv, uas yog mounted rau ib tug ncej. Nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg tias lub tog raj kheej ntawm lub rotor yog, qhov tseeb, luv luv-circuited winding. Muaj ntau lub tswv yim rau tig lub tshuab asynchronous, tab sis ob peb siv hauv kev xyaum:
- Siv lub ballast txuas nrog qhov pib winding.
- Nrog lub pib capacitor qhib.
- Siv lub laub-khawm lossis relay oob khab, pib capacitor suav nrog hauv lub voj voog windingpib.
Ntau zaus, kev sib txuas ntawm lub laub khawm lossis relay pib, nrog rau kev khiav mus tas li ntawm lub capacitor, yog siv. Hloov chaw relay, tus yuam sij hluav taws xob ntawm lub thyristor feem ntau siv. Nrog rau qhov kev hloov no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob ib zaug txuas nrog ib pab pawg ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Tswv yim tswv yim
Asynchronous electric motors muaj lub zog pib me me. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov khoom siv ntxiv, xws li pib relays lossis ballast resistors, nrog rau cov capacitors muaj zog rau kev sib txuas ib-theem hluav taws xob motors. Windings nyob rau hauv motors yog ua nrog kev faib ua ob peb lub ntsiab lus. Yog tias muaj peb qhov kev txiav txim siab, ces ib qho ntawm lawv yog qhov ntau. Tab sis tej zaum plaub los yog ob.
Yuav kom nkag siab qhov kev sib cuag tshwj xeeb ib qho kev sib txuas nrog, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kawm txog lub cev muaj zog. Yog tias tsis yog, koj yuav tsum hu nrog lub multimeter. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, hloov nws mus rau qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas. Yog tias muaj kev tawm tsam ntau ntawm ib khub ntawm cov hlau lead, qhov no txhais tau tias koj ntsuas ob lub windings tib lub sijhawm. Feem ntau, kev ua haujlwm winding ntawm asynchronous motors muaj qhov tsis kam ntawm ntau tshaj 13 ohms. Hauv lub launcher, nws yuav luag peb zaug siab dua - txog 35 ohms.
Txhawm rau txuas ib-theem asynchronous lub cev muaj zog siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau txuas txhua qhov kev sib cuag nrog cov xov hlau. Txhawm rau pib lub asynchronous, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom luv luv rau hauv Circuit Courtcov ntsiab lus ntxiv - capacitor lossis ballast tsis kam. Txhawm rau tua lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nws tsuas yog txaus kom de-energize tag nrho cov windings.
Peb-theem motors
Peb-theem hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog muaj zog thiab lub zog ntau dua thaum pib. Txuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob peb-theem yog qhov yooj yim tsuas yog tias muaj peb-theem 380 V qhov (socket), tab sis nws hloov tawm los ua teeb meem siv cov motors hauv tsev, vim tsis yog txhua tus muaj peb-theem network hauv tsev. Cov windings txuas nrog raws li "lub hnub qub" lossis "daim duab peb sab", nws nyob ntawm theem-rau-theem voltage hauv lub network.
Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau txuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob zoo li no rau hauv tsev neeg, koj yuav tau siv me ntsis dag zog. Qhov tseeb, koj muaj xoom thiab theem hauv qhov hluav taws xob. Hauv qhov no, "0" tuaj yeem suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas yog, theem ntawm kev hloov pauv yog xoom.
Txhawm rau ua lwm theem, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov lub zog theem nrog lub capacitor ntxiv. Yuav tsum muaj peb theem nyob rau hauv tag nrho, txhua tus muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau nws cov neeg nyob ze los ntawm 120 degrees. Tab sis txhawm rau ua kom qhov kev hloov pauv kom raug, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los suav cov capacitance ntawm lub capacitor. Yog li, rau txhua kilowatt ntawm hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog, yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm li 70 microfarads, nrog rau qhov pib capacitance ntawm txog 25 microfarads. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau tsim rau qhov voltages ntawm 600 V thiab siab dua.
Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los txuas 380 V peb-theem motors nrogsiv zaus converters. Muaj cov qauv uas txuas rau ib-theem network, thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm tshwj xeeb inverter circuits, lawv hloov qhov voltage, uas ua rau cov zis ntawm peb theem, uas yog tsim nyog rau lub hwj chim asynchronous motor.
