Thaum txhim kho lub tso suab niaj hnub hauv lub tsheb, tus tswv yuav tsum xaiv txoj cai crossover. Qhov kev xaiv no yooj yim heev yog tias koj paub thiab nkag siab tias nws yog dab tsi thiab nws tau npaj rau qhov twg, nrog rau qhov twg cov cuab yeej no yuav ua haujlwm. Yog li, cia peb xav seb qhov crossover yog dab tsi rau acoustics.
yam ntxwv, hom phiaj
Crossover yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub tshuab hais lus, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas yog los npaj qhov xav tau ntau zaus rau txhua tus neeg hais lus. Raws li koj paub, txhua tus hais lus yog tsim los rau ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm zaus. Yog hais tias lub teeb liab hais lus tawm ntawm qhov ntau, lub suab yuav txawv txav.
Yog li, yog tias koj siv qhov zaus tsawg dhau rau tus neeg hais lus, ces daim duab suab yuav tig tawm mus rau qhov tsis sib xws. Yog tias qhov zaus siab dhau lawm, tus tswv ntawm lub kaw lus yuav tuaj yeem ntsib tsis tau tsuas yog lub suab distorted, tab sis kuj yog qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm tus hais lus siab. Qhov kawg tsuas ua tsis tautiv taus hom kev ua haujlwm no.
Raws li qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, lub luag haujlwm ntawm tweeters yog los tsim cov suab tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm qhov siab. Tsawg zaus acoustic systems ua haujlwm sib cais. Qee lub sij hawm lawv txawm raug ntsia rau hauv qhov chaw sib txawv hauv chav tsev. Tib yam siv rau cov suab nruab nrab. Lawv tsuas pub rau tus hais lus uas tawm hauv nruab nrab xwb.
Yog li ntawd, kom ua tau zoo dua ntawm cov suab paj nruag hauv lub tsheb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los faib qee zaus thiab siv lawv nruj me ntsis rau cov neeg hais lus tshwj xeeb. Rau qhov no, yuav tsum muaj crossover rau acoustics.
Nws ua haujlwm li cas
Tus tsim ntawm lub cuab yeej yooj yim heev. Cov no yog ob lub lim dej uas ua haujlwm raws li cov hauv qab no. Yog li, thaum crossover zaus yog 1000 Hz, ib qho ntawm ob lub lim yuav xaiv cov zaus hauv qab ntawd. Qhov thib ob lim yuav ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug zaus band saum lub cim. Cov lim muaj lawv lub npe. Low-pass yog tsim los ua haujlwm nrog tsawg zaus mus txog 1000 Hz. Qhov siab dhau yuav tsuas ua cov zaus tshaj 1000 Hz.
Los ntawm txoj ntsiab cai no, cov khoom siv ob txoj kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj peb txoj hauv kev crossover ntawm lub khw niaj hnub. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm no yog lwm lub lim dej muaj peev xwm tuav ib nrab zaus ntawm 600 thiab 1000 Hz.
Ntau cov channel ntawm lub suab zaus lim thiab pub rau cov neeg hais lus sib raug rau cov zaus no ua rau lub suab zoo dua hauv lub tsheb sab hauv.
Technical nta ntawm crossovers
MuajCov khoom siv niaj hnub no yog inductors thiab capacitor. Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb thiab qhov zoo ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom no, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tsim.
Vim li cas lub capacitor thiab lub kauj muaj nyob rau hauv crossover rau acoustics? Cov no yog qhov yooj yim reactive qhov chaw. Lawv raug nqi-zoo muaj peev xwm ua ntau yam suab zaus.
Ib lub capacitor tuaj yeem cais tawm thiab ua haujlwm ntau zaus, thaum lub inductor ua haujlwm nrog tsawg zaus. Cov neeg tsim khoom siv tau zoo ntawm cov khoom no thiab tsim cov khoom siv yooj yim tab sis siv tau zoo.
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv cuam tshuam cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm lim: 1 - ib qho khoom siv, 2 - ob lub ntsiab lus. Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus reactive qhov chaw, nrog rau cov crossover circuitry, lub kaw lus lim sib txawv cov zaus uas tsis haum rau cov channel tshwj xeeb. Nws tuaj yeem xav tias qhov ntau reactive ntsiab nyob rau hauv Circuit Court, qhov zoo dua tus hais lus crossovers yuav lim cov teeb liab. Cov txheej txheem lim dej muaj qee yam yam ntxwv. Qhov no yog hu ua "slope slope". Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog rhiab heev. Nyob ntawm theem ntawm "kev nqes hav ntawm kev lag luam", tag nrho cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov qauv ntawm thawj, thib ob, thib peb thiab thib plaub.
Cov khoom siv nquag thiab tsis muaj zog
Passive crossover rau acoustics yog qhov kev daws teeb meem tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no. Raws li lub npe implies, cov cuab yeej no tsis xav tau ntxivzaub mov. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav nrawm dua thiab yooj yim dua rau tus tswv lub tsheb los txhim kho cov khoom siv suab. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm pab pawg ntawm cov khoom siv no yog qhov yooj yim tsis yog ib txwm lav qhov zoo.
Vim yog qhov passive circuit, lub kaw lus siv ib feem ntawm lub zog kom ntseeg tau tias lub lim dej ua haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov reactive qhov chaw hloov cov theem hloov. Lawm, qhov no yog deb ntawm qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov sib npaug sib npaug sib luag.
Kev sib tw ua haujlwm tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias txawm tias tus qauv tsim ntau dua, qhov ntws ntawm lub suab zaus hauv lawv tau lim tau zoo dua. Vim lub xub ntiag nyob rau hauv Circuit Court tsis tsuas yog ob peb coils thiab capacitors, tab sis kuj semiconductors, developers tsim high-zoo pab kiag li lawm nrog ntau compact qhov ntev. Ib qho active crossover yog tsis tshua pom raws li ib tug cais module. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua lub amplifier muaj cov lim dej zoo li no.
Yuav teeb tsa lub cuab yeej li cas?
Yuav kom tau txais lub suab zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub tsheb, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov zaus uas txhua yam tsis tsim nyog yuav raug txiav tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug active ntaus ntawv tsim rau peb bands, koj yuav tsum nrhiav tau ob lub ntsiab lus txiav. Thawj zaug yuav kos cov ntug hauv thaj tsam ntawm qis thiab nruab nrab frequencies. Qhov thib ob yog qhov sib txawv ntawm nruab nrab thiab siab zaus.
Yuav suav nrog koj tus kheej li cas?
Crossover suav rau acoustics yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Tsis muaj chaw tsim tshuaj paus tseem tsis tau tsim tau ib tug zoo tagnrho hais lus system uas yuavreproduce suab zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam sib txawv. Subwoofers yog siv rau qhov tsawg zaus. Rau nruab nrab, midrange hais lus yog siv. Tab sis thaum tag nrho cov complex no pib suab, tej yam tsis meej pem yuav tshwm sim. Qhov ntawd yog qhov crossover yog rau hauv acoustics - yog li ntawd tsuas yog qee zaus mus rau ib qho kev hais lus tshwj xeeb.
Kom tau txais ob-ncej kab ke lossis lwm yam, ib qho khoom siv uas faib cov teeb liab txuas nrog thawj channel ntawm amplifier. Qhov no yog lim. Ua tiav nrog acoustic systems muaj twb passive crossovers ua thiab xam los ntawm manufacturers.
Tab sis ua li cas yog tias koj xav tau cais lub suab rau hauv zaus raws li txoj cai sib txawv? Koj tsis tas yuav suav ib yam dab tsi manually - nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm high-tech, muaj software rau txawm cov haujlwm yooj yim tshaj plaws. Muaj ib txoj haujlwm rau cov kev suav no, piv txwv li Crossover Elements Calculator.
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, qhov ntsuas qhov tsis kam ntawm cov ntses bass thaj tsam thiab cov neeg hais lus treble tau nkag rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam, uas feem ntau yog 4 ohms. Tom ntej no, nkag mus rau zaus uas lub cuab yeej yuav tsum sib cais. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm crossover kuj tau qhia ntawm no. Tom qab ntawd lawv nias lub pob thiab tos rau qhov kev zov me nyuam kom muab qhov tshwm sim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws yuav muab daim duab qhia qhov tsim nyog capacitors thiab coils rau qhov nkag tsis tau yuav raug qhia.
Txoj kev xaiv
Lub khw muaj ntau yam khoom siv sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo, tus nqi, cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb. Xaiv qhov crossover rau acoustics tsis yooj yim - koj tsis tuaj yeem nqa thiab yuav yam koj nyiam. Qhov kev xaiv yog ua nyob rau hauvqee tus hais lus.
Cia peb xav txog tias koj muaj lub subwoofer uas ua rau tsawg zaus hauv thaj tsam ntawm 18 txog 200 Hz, tus neeg hais lus nruab nrab rov tsim cov zaus ntawm 200 txog 1000 Hz, thiab tweeter ntawm 1000 txog 16,000 Hz. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub amplifier tsis muaj lub lim dej ua ke thiab rov tsim cov zaus hauv thaj tsam ntawm 18 txog 20,000 Hz. Hauv qhov tshwj xeeb no, koj xav tau peb-txoj kev crossover muaj peev xwm lim hauv cov kab no.
Tsis tas li, thaum xaiv, xyuam xim rau cov kab ntau lawm. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb parameter yog qhov ntau zaus. Nco ntsoov xav txog kev hla dhau. Cov khoom siv ntau theem nrog kev nkag siab zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho lub suab zoo.
Zoo kawg
Yog li, peb pom tias crossover yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas. Raws li koj tau pom, qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv lub tsheb lub suab system.
