Cov neeg muag khoom thiab cov tuam txhab tsim cov koob yees duab tau sim ua kom pom cov neeg yuav khoom rau tus naj npawb ntawm megapixels thiab nyob twj ywm txog qhov tseem ceeb tsis zoo li lub cev loj ntawm matrix. Tau kawg, qhov no tsis ncaj ncees, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg tso tseg kev lag luam, thiab nws ua tiav nws cov lus hais, yog li cov tuam txhab thiab cov muag khoom tsuas yog yuam kom muab cov neeg siv lawv xav tau.
Vim li cas qhov loj ntawm matrix thiaj li tseem ceeb?
Tus naj npawb ntawm megapixels tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo. Nws tsuas yog txiav txim siab seb daim duab yuav loj npaum li cas. Daim duab tuaj yeem loj, tab sis tsis zoo. Thiab kom nws ua tau zoo, ib tug loj matrix loj yuav tsum tau. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsis yog tshiab, tab sis nws txhob txwm tsis nco qab txawm nyob hauv khw.
Meanwhile, qhov loj me ntawm lub koob yees duab matrix (tsis yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, tab sis tsuas yog qhov zoo xwb) yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev daws teeb meem, vim tias qhov zoo ntawm daim duab thiab lub teeb ntau npaum li cas tau txais ntawm lub sensor nws tus kheej nyob ntawm nws. Kev daws teeb meem tsuas yog thaum koj npaj yuav luam tawm cov duab hauv xov xwm loj. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau luam cov duab ntawm A1 hom, koj xav tau kev daws teeb meem loj, tab sis txawm tias ntawm no 4 megapixelsyuav txaus. Tab sis rau kev luam ntawv ntawm daim ntawv zoo tib yam ntsuas 10 x 15 cm, kev daws teeb meem ntawm 2 megapixels yog qhov tsim nyog, tsis muaj ntxiv. Feem ntau, cov neeg siv feem ntau upload duab rau hauv kev tes hauj lwm, qhov twg lawv tau pre-compressed.
Dab tsi yog qhov loj ntawm matrix?
Qhov no yog qhov piv ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub koob yees duab sensor rau tus qauv zaj duab xis loj, uas yog 35 hli. Kom paub meej: cov koob yees duab niaj hnub no muaj cov qoob loo (cropped) matrices, yog li lawv qhov loj me feem ntau tsis sib npaug rau ib nrab ntawm tus qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ib txwm qhia hauv tus nqi feem (piv txwv li, 1/3.2 ), thiab tus neeg yuav khoom tsis meej pem.
Ntau tus neeg pom tus nqi loj thiab xav tias nws zoo, tab sis qhov tseeb tus nqi loj hauv tus lej yog qhov phem. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov loj dua, qhov me me ntawm lub matrix ntawm lub koob yees duab yees duab lossis lub koob yees duab, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov zoo ntawm cov duab yuav phem dua.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg
Nyob ntawm lub koob yees duab kim lossis zoo npaum li cas, qhov loj ntawm lub sensor tuaj yeem yog me, nruab nrab lossis loj. Hauv qab no peb nthuav qhia qhov ntau thiab tsawg uas feem ntau.
Pib nrog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws matrices:
- 1/3.2 ″ - matrices nrog qhov loj me yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Tsis muaj dab tsi phem dua ntawm kev ua lag luam. Pom zoo li no parameter nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub koob yees duab, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav nws. Lub cev loj ntawm no yog 3.4 x 4.5 square millimeters, thiab tsis muaj ntau lossis tsawg dua lub koob yees duab tsim nyog yuav tau nruab nrog cov matrix me me.
- 1/2.7 " - Qhov loj me no kuj me me (4 x 5.4 square millimeters) thiab tsuas yog pom hauv cov koob yees duab pheej yig xwb.
- 1/2.5 ″ - lub cev loj ntawm matrix nrog qhov piv no yog 4.3 x 5.8 square meters. mm. Feem ntau niaj hnub "xiav tshuaj ntxuav tais diav" ntawm nruab nrab nqi ntau yog nruab nrog xws li sensors. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no yog tus qauv txawm tias niaj hnub siv iav tsis muaj iav thiab pheej yig SLR koob yees duab.
- 1/1.8 " - geometric loj ntawm lub sensor yog 5.3 x 7.2 square meters. mm. Los ntawm no pib qeb ntawm ntau dua lossis tsawg dua cov koob yees duab tsim nyog. Cov koob yees duab nruab nrab SLR kim tuaj yeem nruab nrog lub sensor nrog cov ntsuas geometric. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xab npum me me yooj yim tuaj yeem muaj cov matrices zoo li no.
- 2/3 ″ - qhov piv ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev yuav sib npaug li 6.6 x 8.8 square millimeters. Sensors nrog rau qhov ntsuas no yog siv nyob rau hauv kim SLR thiab compact koob yees duab nrog interchangeable los yog tsis-interchangeable lo ntsiab muag.
- 4/3 " - matrices nrog qhov piv txwv no yog siv tshwj xeeb hauv cov koob yees duab kim. Ntawm no qhov loj yog 18 x 13.5 square meters. mm.
- DX, APS-C. Tsis tshua muaj qhov loj me yog qhia los ntawm cov ntawv. Yog tias koj pom qhov tsis zoo li no, nws txhais tau hais tias lub matrix hauv lub koob yees duab loj dua li hom ntawv dhau los, thiab nws qhov loj yog 24 x 18 mm. Nws sib haum mus rau 35 mm ib nrab ncej. Cov matrices no nrov heev thiab feem ntau tuaj yeem pom hauv cov koob yees duab semi-professional. Lawv pheej yig los tsim, thiab cov pixel loj tseem loj txawm tias qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm 11-12 megapixels.
- Full-frame matrices. Nyob rau hauv qhov loj, lawv sib haum mus rau classic 35 mm thav duab, thiab lawv lojLuas 36 x 24 sq. mm. Muaj ob peb lub koob yees duab nrog xws li matrices ntawm lub khw. Cov no yog cov qauv kev tshaj lij uas kim heev. Cov matrices lawv tus kheej nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom, uas piav qhia tus nqi siab ntawm lub koob yees duab raws li cov sensors no.
Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm matrix?
Nws yooj yim ua. Nws yog ib txwm qhia nyob rau hauv kev specifications rau tej lub koob yees duab. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov pom. Piv txwv li, cov koob yees duab digital nrog 1/2.7 ″ sensors yuav me me thiab lub teeb. Tab sis lub koob yees duab nrog 1/1.8 ″ sensor, lwm yam sib npaug, yuav loj me ntsis thiab hnyav dua.
Qhov loj cuam tshuam qhov hnyav thiab ntim ntawm lub koob yees duab, vim tias qhov ntev ntawm lub optics yog ze ze rau qhov ntsuas geometric ntawm cov sensors. Cov kws yees duab kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem "los ntawm qhov muag" txiav txim siab seb qhov ntsuas qhov loj npaum li cas yog siv hauv lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb.
Nyob
Graininess nyob rau hauv ib daim duab yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau defects uas yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ib daim duab. Yog hais tias lub koob yees duab muaj me me matrix, ces tus nqi ntawm lub teeb tsoo nws kuj yog me me. Vim li no, nyob rau hauv qhov teeb pom kev tsawg (piv txwv li, sab hauv tsev), cov koob yees duab zoo li no coj cov duab nrog graininess (suab nrov). Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib npaug, lub koob yees duab nrog 1/1.8 ″ sensor yuav thaij duab nrog lub suab qis dua tus qauv nrog 1/2.3 ″ sensor. Tau kawg, cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob sab hauv, qhov tsis xws luag lossis cua sov ntawm lub matrix kuj tshwm sim hauv cov suab nrov, tab sis qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau peb cov ncauj lus.
Zoo kawg
Nco ntsoov tias lub koob yees duab 20MP nrog 1/2.3 ″ sensor yuav thaij duab zoo dua li 8MP lub koob yees duab nrog 1/1.8 ″ sensor. Yog li lub ntsiab lus ntawm no tsis yog txhua qhov kev daws teeb meem, uas tsuas yog cuam tshuam qhov loj ntawm daim duab. Nws tsis ua lub luag haujlwm txhua yam hauv cov xwm txheej tam sim no, vim tias tib neeg "upload" lawv cov duab rau hauv kev tes hauj lwm, uas tsis muaj leej twg yuav qhib lawv qhov loj me.
Nco ntsoov: qhov loj ntawm lub sensor yog lub cev qhov loj ntawm lub sensor siv, uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov duab zoo. Thaum xaiv lub koob yees duab, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, xyuam xim rau lub geometric qhov ntev ntawm lub sensor, uas yog ib txwm qhia nyob rau hauv specifications. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd saib ntawm qhov seem ntawm qhov ntsuas, suav nrog kev daws teeb meem.
