Tube amplifier zoo tshaj: cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Tube amplifier zoo tshaj: cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas
Tube amplifier zoo tshaj: cov lus qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas
Anonim

Ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag nyiam mloog lawv cov suab paj nruag nyiam siv lub suab nrov amplifiers. Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej no? Raws li cov txheej txheem twg kuv tuaj yeem xaiv tus qauv zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib xws?

zoo amp
zoo amp

Ntse nthuav txog lub suab amplifier dab tsi?

Amplifier yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv acoustic, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nce lub zog ntawm cov teeb liab uas los ntawm cov suab nrov, hloov cov khoom siv sib xws, kho qhov ntim, nrog rau kev xa cov teeb liab, lub hwj chim uas yog amplified, mus rau lub suab khoom npaj rau kev ua si melodies.

Hauv lub raj amplifiers, cov raj xov tooj cua yog siv los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm circuitry. Lawv ua raws li cov khoom txhawb zog. Raws li txoj cai, raj amplifiers muab lub suab qis dua. Raws li ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag sau tseg, cov khoom siv sib raug zoo yog qhov ua kom sov, softer reproduction ntawm suab paj nruag - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua si nruab nrab thiab siab frequencies.

Lwm qhov zoo dua ntawm lub rajamplifier - nyob rau hauv muab nyob rau hauv ntau rooj plaub lub richer suab nyob rau hauv kev sib piv, piv txwv li, nrog transistor li. Qhov no yog ua tau los ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teeb lawv tus kheej, uas, piv txwv li, tau yoog rau kev ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev pabcuam kho, uas yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor.

ib leeg-mob stroke thiab ob-stroke devices

Cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo feem ntau muab faib ua 2 pawg loj - chav kawm A thiab chav kawm AB. Cov qub kuj raug hu ua ib lub voj voog. Nyob rau hauv lawv, amplifying ntsiab txhawb ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ob ib nrab-nthwv dej nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab - ob qho tib si zoo thiab tsis zoo. Cov khoom siv thib ob tseem hu ua thawb-rub. Nyob rau hauv lawv, txhua qhov tom qab cascade ntawm kev ua kom lub zog muaj feem xyuam nrog kev siv cov ntsiab lus sib txawv - ib qho yuav yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov zoo ib nrab-yoj, thaum lwm qhov rau qhov tsis zoo. Class AB amplifiers feem ntau yog kev lag luam thiab siv tau zoo, feem ntau muaj zog dua. Tab sis qee zaum muaj kev sib tham txog qhov no ntawm cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag.

Cov khoom siv hauv kev txiav txim siab hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej yog kim dua li lawv cov transistor counterparts, txawm hais tias lawv cov qauv tsim yog qhov yooj yim heev. Ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag sib sau ua ke cov cuab yeej tsim nyog ntawm lawv tus kheej - txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum sim nrhiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws tube amplifier circuits - ntawm 6P3S, piv txwv li, lossis lwm cov raj nrov. Rau connoisseurs ntawm cov suab paj nruag ua si siv cov khoom siv hauv nqe lus nug, lawv cov nqi feem ntau dhau los ua theem nrab - yog tias qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke, tab sis yuav nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yam ntxwv, ntawm chav kawm, ua siundeniably tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm thaum xaiv ib tug ntaus ntawv. Xav txog qhov lawv tuaj yeem ua tau, nrog rau cov piv txwv ntawm cov qauv nrov ntawm cov khoom siv sib xws.

ProLogue EL34 amplifier: specifications thiab tshuaj xyuas

Raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij, lub tshuab raj zoo tshaj plaws, lossis tsawg kawg yog tus thawj coj hauv cov txheej txheem sib xws (los ntawm cov uas cuam tshuam txog ntu nyiaj txiag) yog ProLogue Classic EL34 ntaus ntawv. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm siv ob hom teeb - qhov tseeb EL34 lossis KT88. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus neeg siv tsis tas yuav reconfigure lub amplifier.

Yog vim li cas ib leeg-kawg raj amp plays zoo dua li lub laub-rub
Yog vim li cas ib leeg-kawg raj amp plays zoo dua li lub laub-rub

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij - kev tshuaj xyuas qhia txog lawv cov kev xav tuaj yeem pom ntawm ntau lub vev xaib thematic - ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej yog nws cov cuab yeej siv nrog kev sib txuas uas tso cai rau koj siv lub nra rau lub teeb kom zoo, uas yuav pab kom nce ntxiv. nws lub neej kev pab. Lub amplifier yog nruab nrog lub ntim tswj tau zoo. Cov cuab yeej muaj lub zog loj, uas yog 35 W.

YTriode Amplifiers

Lwm pob nyiaj siv yog TRV-35 los ntawm Japanese hom Triode. Qhov tseeb tias nws tau sib sau ua ke hauv Nyij Pooj feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Lub amp yog ntau yam - nws yog arguably qhov zoo tshaj plaws raj amp nyob rau hauv nws ntu los ntawm qhov kev pom. Lub teeb uas siv tau rau ntawm lub cuab yeej - EL34, qee zaum nws tuaj yeem siv ElectroHarmonix cov khoom tsim los ntawmnyob rau hauv Russia.

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, ntawm cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv nqe lus nug yog muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau cov tsev ua yeeb yam niaj hnub no.

zoo tshaj plaws tube amplifier
zoo tshaj plaws tube amplifier

Lwm cov khoom lag luam paub zoo ntawm Japanese hom Triode yog TRX-P6L ntaus ntawv. Raws li qee tus kws tshaj lij, cov cuab yeej no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws raj amplifier hauv Triode kab hais txog kev ua haujlwm. Yog li, nws muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, plaub-band hom sib npaug, uas yog tsim los txhim kho lub suab ntawm lub suab paj nruag, suav nrog cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb hauv chav tsev, nrog rau cov tsis muaj suab nrov siv.. Cov cuab yeej hauv nqe lus nug tso cai rau koj siv ntau pawg ntawm cov teeb - EL34, 6L6, thiab KT88. Cov cuab yeej tau nruab nrog lub tswv yim tob regulator. Lub amplifier tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv 2 hom - triode thiab ultralinear.

Lwm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv qab hom Triode yog VP-300BD amplifier. Ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag nug ib lo lus nug ntau: "Single-ended lossis push-rub tube amplifier - uas zoo dua?" Lawv tuaj yeem, tau xaiv raws nraim VP-300BD, uas yog cov cuab yeej ntawm thawj hom, nyob twj ywm txaus siab rau cov khoom yuav khoom. Cov cuab yeej hauv nqe lus nug yog triode, cais raws li hom qhib amplifier. Tej zaum nws yuav raug muab sau tseg tias qhov tso zis theem ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm 300V triodes, uas yog cais raws li cov channel ncaj.

Audio Research VSi60

Ntawm cov npe nrov tshaj plaws lub raj xa hluav taws xob yogAmerican Audio Research Corporation. Cov cuab yeej VSi60 belongs rau nws cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tshaj plaws. Ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag ntseeg tau hais tias lub raj amplifiers zoo dua li cov transistor, thiab cov cuab yeej tsim los ntawm ib lub tuam txhab Asmeskas tso cai rau peb muab cov lus sib cav sib ceg zoo rau cov khoom siv ntawm thawj hom: raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov lus nug ntawm amplifier muab ntau tshaj. impressive suab scale, heev piv rau transistor li. Lub teeb tseem ceeb uas Asmeskas cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm nrog yog KT120. Lub ntim tswj ntawm lub suab amplifier yog hluav taws xob.

Unison Research Amplifiers

Lwm lub npe nrov ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nqe lus nug yog Unison Research. Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws tsim los ntawm lub koom haum no suav nrog S6 amplifier. Nws yog arguably qhov zoo tshaj plaws tube amp, los yog tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm cov thawj coj, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm chav kawm ntawv A nta: siab zog ntawm 35 watts, raws li zoo raws li ib tug tseem ceeb damping yam. Cov cuab yeej siv 2 qhov ncaj-channel triodes tso rau hauv txhua lub channel.

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, lub suab nrov hauv nqe lus nug yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub suab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab purity ntawm cov suab paj nruag.

Cov khoom lag luam paub zoo tom ntej hauv lub npe Unison Research yog P70 amplifier. Nyob rau hauv lem, nws yog ob-stroke. Cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag uas xav paub yog vim li cas ib leeg-kawg raj amp ua si zoo dua li lub laub rub amp hloov pauv lawv txoj kev xav me ntsis.kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev mloog suab paj nruag thaum siv lub cuab yeej hauv nqe lus nug. Cov neeg tsim tawm ntawm P70 tau tswj kom xa cov suab nrov tshwj xeeb nrog lub zog tso zis ntau dua 70 watts.

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob acoustic uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo heev. Cov cuab yeej nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug kuj yog yam ntxwv los ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem versatility. Yog tias peb xav txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws raj amplifiers rau kev mloog pob zeb suab paj nruag - lub P70 ntaus ntawv yog tsim nyog rau cov kev daws teeb meem.

Ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas paub txog ib lub voj voog tsim nyob rau hauv Unison Research hom yog Preludio ntaus ntawv. Nws kuj ua haujlwm hauv chav kawm A. Nws siv KT88 tetrodes muaj zog. Lub zog ntawm lub cuab yeej yog 14 watts. Yog li ntawd, lub amplifier yuav tsum tau txuas mus rau ib tug acoustic infrastructure nrog ib tug txaus theem ntawm rhiab heev.

McIntosh

Lwm lub npe nrov uas tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog Asmeskas tuam txhab McIntosh. Ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag, xav paub seb lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub raj twg yog qhov zoo dua, ua ntej ntawm txhua tus koom nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov khoom siv uas tau tsim los ntawm McIntosh hom. Lub tuam txhab no yog ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv suab nrov tshaj plaws hauv ntu Hi-End.

Vim li cas lub raj amp zoo dua?
Vim li cas lub raj amp zoo dua?

Nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg tias McIntosh's MC275 cov khoom lag luam tau pib ua lag luam hauv xyoo 1961. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau ua ntau yam kev txhim kho, tab sis nws tseem tso tawm hauv qabkeeb kwm npe. Raws li txoj cai, lub amplifier no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv legendary, ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb hauv ntu Hi-End. Cov cuab yeej siv KT88 teeb. Lub hwj chim ntawm lub amplifier yog 75W nyob rau hauv lub tso suab playback hom.

Audio Note

Lwm lub npe nrov hauv kev lag luam amplifier yog Audio Note. Ntawm nws cov khoom nrov tshaj plaws yog Meishu Phono. Tej zaum qhov zoo tshaj plaws raj amp nyob rau hauv nws ntu thaum nws los txog rau technology purity. Yog li, nws tsis koom nrog ib qho semiconductor. Muaj 3 transformers, 3 kenotrons, thiab 2 chokes nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hwj chim mov ntawm lub cuab yeej. Cov theem tso zis siv 300V triodes. Tus tsim ntawm lub amplifier muaj ib tug zoo raj phono theem. Cov cuab yeej hauv nqe lus nug muaj lub zog me me, uas yog 9 watts. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cuab yeej siv tau nrog ntau hom khoom siv niaj hnub hauv pem teb acoustic.

Kev txiav txim siab lub raj zoo tshaj plaws lub suab nrov raws li kev nkag siab ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yog qhov nyuaj heev. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem tau los ze zog los daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev sib piv qee cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv raws li cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, nrog rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib xws.

Xaiv lub amplifier zoo tshaj plaws: qauv piv txwv tsis muaj

Dab tsi tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb? Raws li cov kws tshaj lij niaj hnub no, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv qhov no tuaj yeem yog:

- zog;

- ntau zaus;

- qib kev sib haum xeebdistortion;

- teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv;

- kev txhawb nqa rau cov qauv kev sib txuas lus;

- qib kev siv hluav taws xob.

Thiab, cov ntsuas no tuaj yeem muab piv nrog tus nqi ntawm lub cuab yeej.

zoo amp
zoo amp

Xaiv lub suab nrov: lub zog

Raws li thawj qhov taw qhia - lub zog, nws tuaj yeem sawv cev rau ntau qhov txiaj ntsig. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev daws teeb meem feem ntau uas qhia txog kev siv lub raj xa hluav taws xob yog li 35 watts. Tab sis ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag tsuas yog txais tos kom nce tus nqi no - piv txwv li, txog li 50 watts.

Tib lub sijhawm, ntau cov cuab yeej siv siab niaj hnub ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus txawm tias lub zog ntawm 12 watts. Ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv ntau rooj plaub lawv xav tau kev sib txuas mus rau ib tug high-kev ua tau zoo acoustic infrastructure. Tab sis kev siv cov khoom siv suab zoo yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv yuav tsum tau ua ntawm daim ntawv thov, qhov tseeb, ntawm cov khoom siv hauv nqe lus nug. Vim li cas lub raj amplifier zoo dua li kev hloov kho cov cuab yeej niaj hnub no yog cov lus nug uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau ntau tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag, txij li lawv tau rov qab ntseeg hauv kev coj ua ntawm lub hom phiaj superiority ntawm cov khoom siv sib xws hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Thiab yog li ntawd, lawv sim ua qhov kev sim thiab kev siv lub raj amplifiers ntawm cov cuab yeej npaj ua ntej uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau siab tshaj plaws.

Frequency

Hais txog qhov zaus teb ntawm lub amplifier - nws yog qhov xav tau heev uas nwsyog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 20 mus rau 20 txhiab Hz. Txawm hais tias, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg, nws yog qhov tsawg heev rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom niaj hnub no hauv nqe lus nug los muab cov khoom lag luam rau cov lag luam uas tsis ua raws li qhov ntsuas no. Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau nrhiav cov cuab yeej hauv ntu Hi-End uas yuav tsis ncav cuag qhov ntsuas zaus. Ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov, thaum yuav lub raj amplifier, piv txwv li, los ntawm lub npe me me, nws ua rau kev nkag siab los xyuas seb qhov ntau npaum li cas nws txhawb qhov zaus.

Harmonic distortion

Raws li kev sib haum xeeb distortion, nws yog ntshaw kom lawv tsis pub tshaj 0.6%. Qhov tseeb, qhov ntsuas no qis dua - lub suab zoo dua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws raj amplifier nyob rau hauv ib ntu yog feem ntau txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm harmonic distortion. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias qhov ntsuas sib txuas tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom lub suab zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas no ua rau cov lus teb ntawm acoustic infrastructure rau cov teeb liab tawm tswv yim. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev hauv kev xyaum kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov lus teb ntawm acoustics thaum ntsuas tib yam li nws ua tiav thaum ua si tiag tiag. Tab sis niaj hnub raj amplifier hom yog sim muab qhov qis tshaj harmonic distortion. Cov qauv muaj koob npe ntawm cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm muab tau nws ntawm qib tsis tshaj 0.1%. Tau kawg, lawv cov nqi yuav tsis zoo siab dua li cov qauv sib tw nrog kev sib haum xeeb ntau dua, tab sis rau cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag, cov lus nug ntawm tus nqi hauv qhov no yuav yog qhov thib ob.

Qhov twg lub raj amplifier zoo dua
Qhov twg lub raj amplifier zoo dua

Signal-to-noise ratio

Qhov ntsuas tom ntej yog qhov sib piv ntawm cov teeb liab-rau-lub suab nrov, nyob rau hauv niaj hnub raj amplifiers nws feem ntau sib raug rau 90 dB lossis ntau dua. Feem ntau, tus nqi no tuaj yeem suav hais tias muaj ntau heev thaum muab piv rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam khoom siv, txawm tias lawv tau nthuav tawm hauv ntau ntu. Yog li ntawd, yog tias txoj haujlwm yog xaiv qhov zoo ib leeg-kawg raj amplifier los yog, piv txwv li, lub laub-rub ib qho, ces qhov parameter nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yuav tsis ib txwm objectively qhia txog kev sib tw ntawm ib qho khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Ib txoj kev los yog lwm qhov, qhov siab dua qhov sib piv, qhov zoo dua. Nws yog ntshaw tias nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 70. Qee qhov saum toj kawg nkaus amplifier qauv muab lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv ntawm ntau tshaj 100 dB. Tab sis lawv cov nqi, xws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm harmonic distortion, yuav ua tau impressive.

Lwm txoj kev xaiv

Qhov seem ntawm qhov tsis muaj - kev txhawb nqa rau qee cov qauv kev sib txuas lus, kev siv hluav taws xob, yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis theem nrab. Nws ua rau kev nkag siab zoo rau lawv, tag nrho lwm yam sib npaug, raws li qhov ntsuas peb tau tshuaj xyuas saum toj no. Ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov, rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub no, nws tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev txhawb nqa rau tus naj npawb txaus ntawm lub tso suab khub - txog 4, lub suab tso tawm rau lub suab kaw. Hais txog kev siv hluav taws xob - nws qhov ntsuas pom zoo yog txog 280 W.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tube amps rau mloog pob zeb suab paj nruag
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tube amps rau mloog pob zeb suab paj nruag

Tau kawg, thaum xav txog lub raj amplifier twg zoo dua, ntau yam ntsiab lusyam. Feem ntau, cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag ntsuas cov khoom siv sib xws raws li lawv: tsim, tsim kom zoo, qib suab, ergonomics.

Tag nrho cov kev ntsuas saum toj no tuaj yeem muab piv nrog tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej, uas tuaj yeem sawv cev rau ntau qhov txiaj ntsig. Tab sis ib tug neeg rau cov lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas lub raj amplifier yog zoo dua ib tug transistor amplifier tsis yog tshwj xeeb, vim hais tias nws paub cov lus teb rau nws, tus nqi, raws li peb tau sau tseg saum toj no, tej zaum yuav tsis yog ib txwm suav hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev cai thaum xaiv. ib lub cuab yeej rau kev npaj mloog koj cov nkauj nyiam.

Pom zoo: