Tube transceiver yog ib qho khoom siv uas tsim los xa cov teeb liab ntawm qee zaus. Feem ntau, nws yog siv los ua tus txais. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm lub transceiver yog suav tias yog ib qho kev hloov pauv, uas txuas nrog lub inductor. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev hloov kho lub teeb yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov teeb liab tsawg zaus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj qhov txawv ntawm qhov muaj zog capacitors thiab resistors. Cov controllers nyob rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv yog ntsia nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Txhawm rau tshem tawm ntau yam cuam tshuam hauv lub cev, cov ntxaij lim dej electromechanical tau siv. Niaj hnub no, ntau tus neeg txaus siab rau kev txhim kho lub zog qis 50W transceivers.
Short wave (HF) transceivers
Txhawm rau ua HF transceiver nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov amplifiers. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub patency ntawm lub teeb liab yuav nce ho. Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam, zener diodes raug teeb tsa hauv lub cuab yeej. Feem ntau siv transceiversntawm hom no hauv kev sib pauv xov tooj. Qee cov neeg ua lawv tus kheej HF transceiver (tube) siv lub inductor uas yuav tsum tau tiv taus qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 9 ohms. Cov cuab yeej yeej ib txwm kuaj hauv thawj theem. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov neeg sib cuag yuav tsum tau teem rau saum txoj hauj lwm.
Kav hlau txais xov thiab chav tsev rau HF transceiver
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej kav hlau txais xov rau lub transceiver yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam conductors. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj ob lub diodes. Lub bandwidth ntawm tus kav hlau txais xov yog kuaj ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob qis. Cov cuab yeej kuj yuav tsum tau muaj xws li ib lub caij raws li ib tug reed hloov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xa cov teeb liab mus rau sab nraud winding ntawm inductor.
Yuav kom ua-nws-koj tus kheej transceiver fais fab mov, koj xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntau zaus uas ua haujlwm tandem nrog lub tov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij siv cov capacitors ntawm ntau lub peev xwm. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tiv taus qhov siab tshaj plaws voltage ntawm ib theem ntawm 50 V. Qhov txwv zaus nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tsis pub tshaj 60 Hz. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic, tshwj xeeb circuits yog siv. Hauv cov cuab yeej, lawv kuj tau tsim los ua ob npaug ntawm qhov voltage.
VHF devices
Ua VHF transceiver nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog qhov nyuaj heev. Hauv qhov no, qhov teeb meem yog nrhiav txoj cai inductor. Nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm ferrite rings. Capacitors yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv nrog ntau lub peev xwm. Tsuas yog cov tswj tau siv rau theem hloov. Siv ntau txoj kev hloov kho rautransceivers tsis pom zoo. Chokes nyob rau hauv lub system yog xav tau nyob rau hauv ib tug high zaus, thiab zener diodes yog siv los ua kom qhov tseeb ntawm cov cuab yeej. Lawv raug ntsia hauv transceivers tsuas yog tom qab lub transformer. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov transistors los ntawm kev kub hnyiab, qee cov kws tshaj lij qhia txog cov tshuab lim electromechanical.
Long yoj (LW) transceiver model
Koj tuaj yeem ua cov raj xa hluav taws xob ntev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes nkaus xwb nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov hloov hluav taws xob muaj zog. Tus maub los nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau tsim rau rau 6 raws. Lub receiver theem hloov yog ua los ntawm ib tug modulator uas ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug zaus ntawm 50 Hz. Txhawm rau txo cov suab nrov ntawm txoj kab, siv ntau hom lim dej. Rau qee tus, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom cov conductivity ntawm lub teeb liab los ntawm kev siv amplifiers. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lub xub ntiag ntawm capacitive capacitors. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nruab transistors nyob rau hauv lub system qab lub transformer. Tag nrho cov no yuav txhim kho qhov raug ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Ntawm nruab nrab nthwv dej (MW) cov khoom siv
Ua qhov nruab nrab-yoj raj xa hluav taws xob nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog qhov nyuaj heev. Cov khoom siv no ua haujlwm ntawm LED ntsuas. Lub teeb qhov muag teev nyob rau hauv lub system yog ntsia ua khub. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los kho cov cathodes ncaj qha los ntawm cov capacitors. Koj tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem nrog nce polarity los ntawm kev siv ib khub ntxiv ntawm cov resistors ntawm qhov tso zis.
Ib relay yog siv los kaw lub voj voog. Lub kav hlau txais xov rau microcircuit yog ib txwm txuas los ntawm cathode, thiab lub zog ntawm lub cuab yeejtxiav txim los ntawm qhov voltage nyob rau hauv lub transformer. Feem ntau, transceivers ntawm hom no tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub dav hlau. Nyob ntawd, kev tswj hwm yog nqa los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag lossis remotely.
Kav hlau txais xov thiab chav tsev rau CB transceiver
Koj tuaj yeem ua tus kav hlau txais xov rau hom transceiver no siv lub kauj tsis tu ncua. Nws sab nraud winding yuav tsum tau txuas nrog cov zis amplifier. Cov conductors nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau soldered rau lub diode. Kev yuav hauv khw yuav tsis nyuaj.
Yuav ua ib qho thaiv rau hom transceiver no, siv lub relay, nrog rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob 50 V. Tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv qhov system. Lub choke nyob rau hauv lub system yuav tsum tau txuas mus rau lub Circuit Court. Feed-through capacitors nyob rau hauv units ntawm hom no yog siv tsawg heev.
Hloov kho ntawm VHF-1 transceiver
Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov transceiver no nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes ntawm lub teeb siv 60 V transformer. LEDs hauv Circuit Court yog siv los paub txog theem. Cov modulators nyob rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv yog ntsia nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. High voltage transceiver yog tswj los ntawm lub zog amplifier. Thaum kawg, qhov tsis kam ntawm lub transceiver yuav tsum pom txog li 80 ohms.
Yuav kom lub cuab yeej ua tiav calibrate, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kho qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov transistors. Raws li txoj cai, cov ntsiab lus kaw tau muab tso rau hauv txoj haujlwm sab saud. Hauv qhov no, kev poob cua sov yuav tsawg heev. Lub kauj yog mob kawg. Diodes ntawm tus yuam sij hauv qhov system yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ntej hloov mus. Yog tias lawv qhov kev sib txuas tsis zoo, cesKev ua haujlwm kub tuaj yeem nce siab ntawm 40 txog 80 degrees.
Yuav ua li cas rau VHF-2 transceiver?
kom muab cov hlua khi kom zoo nrog koj tus kheej tes, tus hloov pauv yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qib siab ntawm qib 5 A. Txhawm rau nce cov rhiab ntawm cov cuab yeej, tsuas yog cov khoom lag luam zoo siv. Lub capacitance ntawm ib lub capacitor yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 5 pF. Cov cuab yeej yog calibrated nws thiaj li los ntawm thawj theem. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub xauv mechanism yog thawj zaug teem rau sab sauv txoj hauj lwm.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau qhib lub hwj chim thaum saib xyuas cov khoom siv. Yog tias qhov txwv zaus tshaj 60 Hz, ces muaj qhov txo qis hauv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Lub conductivity ntawm lub teeb liab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav nce los ntawm ib tug electromagnetic amplifier. Nws yog ntsia, raws li txoj cai, ib sab ntawm lub transformer.
Slow sweep HF qauv
Folding HF transceiver nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov tsim nyog transformer. Raws li txoj cai, kev hloov pauv txawv teb chaws yog siv uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 4 A. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov capacitors raug xaiv raws li qhov rhiab heev ntawm lub cuab yeej. Field-effect transistors hauv transceivers muaj ntau heev. Txawm li cas los, lawv tsis yog tsis muaj drawbacks. Lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog qhov ua yuam kev loj.
Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov nce ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm sab nraud winding. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, transistors tuaj yeem siv cimLWM 4. Lawv conductivity index yog zoo heev. Modulators rau transceivers ntawm hom no yog tsim rau tsuas yog ob zaus. Cov teeb yog txuas raws li tus qauv los ntawm kev choke. Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov hloov pauv sai, amplifiers hauv qhov system tsuas yog xav tau thaum pib ntawm cov saw hlau. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov neeg txais kev ua tau zoo, tus kav hlau txais xov txuas los ntawm cathode.
Multi-channel transceiver hloov kho
Koj tuaj yeem ua ntau lub channel transceiver nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes nkaus xwb nrog kev koom tes ntawm high-voltage transformer. Nws yuav tsum tiv taus lub siab tshaj plaws load mus txog 9 A. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, capacitors tsuas yog siv nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm ntau tshaj 8 pF. Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom nce rhiab heev ntawm lub cuab yeej mus rau 80 kV, qhov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account. Modulators nyob rau hauv lub system yog siv rau tsib raws. Txhawm rau hloov cov theem, PPR chav kawm microcircuits yog siv.
Direct Conversion RDD Transceiver
Tau quav SDR transceiver nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau siv cov capacitors nrog lub peev xwm ntau dua 6 pF. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim lub siab rhiab heev ntawm lub cuab yeej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov capacitors no yuav pab nrog qhov tsis zoo polarity hauv qhov system.
Rau cov teeb liab zoo conductivity, transformers tsawg kawg yog 40 V yog yuav tsum tau, tib lub sij hawm, lawv yuav tsum tiv taus ib tug load ntawm txog 6 V. Microcircuits feem ntau yog tsim rau plaub theem. Kev kuaj xyuas transceiver pib tam sim nrog qhov txwv zaus ntawm 4 Hz. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv electromagnetic cuam tshuam, resistors hauv cov cuab yeej siv rau hauv hom teb. Ob sab lim hauv transceivers yog qhov tsawg heev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws voltage nyob rau theem ob ntawm lub transmitteryuav tsum tiv taus ntawm 30 V.
Variable amplifiers yog siv los ua kom lub rhiab heev ntawm lub cuab yeej. Lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv transceivers ua ke nrog resistors. Stabilizers yog siv los kov yeej kev vibrations tsawg. Nyob rau hauv lub anode Circuit Court, lub teeb yog ntsia nyob rau hauv series los ntawm ib tug choke. Thaum kawg, lub ntsuas phoo mechanism thiab cov cim qhia tau raug kuaj hauv lub cuab yeej. Qhov no yog ua tiav rau txhua theem sib cais.
qauv ntawm transceivers nrog L2 raj
Ib qho yooj yim ua-nws-koj tus kheej transceiver yog sib sau ua ke siv 65 V transformer. Cov qauv nrog cov teeb no txawv ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo. Lawv qhov ntsuas kub ua haujlwm hloov pauv ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 40 degrees. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lawv tsis muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau ib-theem microcircuits. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog zoo dua rau nruab lub modulator ntawm peb raws. Qhov no yuav ua kom tawg mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov teeb meem nrog qhov tsis zoo polarity. Capacitors rau xws li transceivers yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, ntau nyob ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hwj chim mov. Yog tias qhov kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no ntawm thawj theem siab tshaj 3 A, ces qhov tsawg kawg nkaus capacitor ntim yuav tsum yog 9 pF. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub transmitter.
Transceivers nrog MS2 resistors
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Piv rau lwm cov transceivers, qhov no yog ntau heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov them nyiaj rau qhov no yog qhov nce rhiab heev ntawm lub cuab yeej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus qauv muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tsis zoo nrog kev nce ntxiv hauv qhov hluav taws xob rau lub transformer. Txhawm rau txo qhov kub poob qis, cov cuab yeej siv tag nrho cov lim dej. Lawv yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub transformer thiaj li hais tias cov kuj thaum kawg tsis tshaj 6 ohms. Hauv qhov no, qhov tawg yuav tsis tsim nyog.
SSB modulation ntaus ntawv
Ib qho ua-nws-koj tus kheej transceiver yog sib sau ua ke (daim duab qhia hauv qab) los ntawm 45 V transformer. Cov qauv ntawm hom no feem ntau tuaj yeem pom ntawm kev sib pauv hauv xov tooj. Tib-sideband modulators yog qhov yooj yim heev hauv cov qauv. Theem switching nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog nqa tawm ncaj qha los ntawm kev hloov txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus resistor.
Qhov kawg tiv thaiv tsis poob qis. Yog li ntawd, qhov rhiab heev ntawm lub cuab yeej ib txwm nyob ib txwm. Transformers rau xws li modulators yog haum nrog lub hwj chim ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 50 V. Cov kws txawj tsis pom zoo kom siv teb capacitors nyob rau hauv lub system. Nws yog qhov zoo dua, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, siv cov pa analogues. Transceiver calibration tsuas yog ua nyob rau theem kawg nkaus xwb.
qauv ntawm transceivers ntawm PP20 amplifier
Koj tuaj yeem ua lub transceiver nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes ntawm lub amplifier ntawm hom no siv teb cov nyhuv transistors. Teeb liab transmitternyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog kis shortwave. Lub kav hlau txais xov rau xws li transceivers yog ib txwm txuas nrog lub choke. Transformers yuav tsum tiv taus qhov voltage txwv ntawm ib theem ntawm 55 V. Tsawg zaus inductors yog siv rau zoo tam sim no stabilization. Lawv zoo meej rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov modulators.
Lub nti rau lub transceiver yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv rau peb theem. Nrog rau cov amplifier saum toj no, nws ua haujlwm zoo. Teeb meem rhiab heev nrog lub cuab yeej yog qhov tsawg heev. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov transceivers no tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb yog hu ua cov coefficient qis dispersion.
Transceivers nrog cov kav hlau txais xov tsis sib npaug
Kev hloov pauv ntawm hom no tsis tshua muaj hnub no. Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau dua nrog qhov tsawg zaus ntawm cov zis tawm teeb liab. Yog li ntawd, lawv qhov tsis zoo kuj qee zaum nce mus txog 6 ohms. Nyob rau hauv lem, lub siab tshaj plaws load ntawm lub resistor yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm 4 A.
Yuav daws qhov teeb meem tsis zoo polarity, siv cov keyboards tshwj xeeb. Yog li, qhov kev hloov theem tshwm sim sai heev. Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov cuab yeej no rau kev tswj chaw taws teeb. Cov kav hlau txais xov saum toj no tau teeb tsa ntawm lub relay nrog lub cim K9. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov system inductance yuav tsum tau xav zoo nyob rau hauv lub transceiver.
Qee zaum, lub cuab yeej los nrog cov zaub. High-frequency circuits hauv transceivers kuj tsis tshua muaj. Teeb meem nrog oscillations hauv Circuit Court yog daws los ntawm ib tug stabilizer. Nws yog ntsia rau hauv lub cuab yeej ib txwm nyob saum lub transformer. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv yuav tsum nyob ntawm ib leeg.ntawm qhov chaw nyab xeeb. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm lub cuab yeej yuav tsum nyob ib ncig ntawm 45 degrees.
Txwv tsis pub, overheating ntawm lub capacitors yog inevitable. Thaum kawg, qhov no yuav ua rau lawv qhov kev puas tsuaj uas tsis tuaj yeem zam tau. Muab tag nrho cov saum toj no, rooj plaub rau lub transceiver yuav tsum tau zoo ventilated. Cov teeb yog txheem txuas mus rau microcircuit los ntawm choke. Nyob rau hauv lem, lub modulator relay yuav tsum tau txuas nrog rau sab nraud winding.
