Hloov nrawm: ntaus ntawv thiab lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Cov txheej txheem:

Hloov nrawm: ntaus ntawv thiab lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Hloov nrawm: ntaus ntawv thiab lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Anonim

Hnub no, tib neeg nquag siv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qee tus ntawm lawv ua haujlwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob txaus txaus, thiab yog li ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Cov keyboards siab ceev yog tsim los qhib thiab tawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, nrog rau kom txiav tawm qhov hluav taws xob no thaum muaj hluav taws xob luv luv.

Kev piav qhia dav dav

Tam sim no peb muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias cov keyboards ntawm hom no yog ob qho tib si hloov thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.

Piv txwv li, hauv DC traction tes hauj lwm, qhov twg qhov hluav taws xob mus txog 3 kV, thaum lub caij luv luv tshwm sim, tam sim no yuav nce mus rau 30-40 kA. Lawm, xws li colossal tam sim no lub zog ntsuas ua rau muaj kev hem thawj loj rau txhua yam khoom siv txuas nrog lub network no. Feem ntau, cov no yog cov teebmeem thermal thiab dynamic, ua rau cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm.

ceev hloov Circuit Court
ceev hloov Circuit Court

Qhov txawv ntawm DC Circuit Court thiab xav tau BV

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no tias muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm AC thiab DC circuits, uas yuav tsum tau siv cov keyboards ceev. Hauv thawj qhov sib txawv, qhov tam sim no ib ntus txo qis rau xoom thiab lub arc tuag tawm, thaum lub sijhawm thib ob, qhov tam sim no nce mus tas li kom txog thaum muaj qee yam nqi. Ntxiv mus, raws li kev xyaum qhia, nws yuav siv sij hawm tsuas yog ob peb puas ntawm ib tug thib ob rau tam sim no mus txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws tus nqi. Qhov no ua rau tig nws tawm nyuaj dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, DC Circuit Court feem ntau yog hloov tawm sai dua li qhov tam sim no ncav cuag nws qhov siab tshaj plaws.

Circuit Court breaker general circuit
Circuit Court breaker general circuit

Kev kub ceev Circuit Court breakers feem ntau muaj kev txwv kev mus los ntawm 15 txog 27 kA. Nyob ntawm qee qhov tsis sib xws ntawm Circuit Court nws tus kheej, cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav txaus los xyuas kom lub sijhawm kaw.

Ntau yam

High-speed keyboards muaj lub tshuab tshwj xeeb uas tua lub network. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub caij no, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg. Thawj qeb yog cov khoom siv nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav disconnect kev xaiv, qhov twg lub Circuit Court tawg tau tiav vim yog lub zog ntawm lub zog disconnect springs. Cov qeb thib ob yog cov khoom siv caij nplooj ntoos hlav sib nqus. Lawv kuj siv lub zog ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tab sis lawv kuj ntxiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los txiav lub voj voog.

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, muaj lwm qhov taw qhia ntawm qhov kev kub ceev Circuit Court breakers tau muab faib ua pawg - lub peev xwm los teb raukev taw qhia tam sim no.

Hauv qhov no, cov khoom siv polarized thiab tsis yog polarized yog qhov txawv. Thawj hom muaj peev xwm ua txhaum lub voj voog, yog tias tam sim no ntws mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia. Hom thib ob yuav qhib lub voj voog thaum muaj qee tus nqi tam sim no mus txog, tsis hais qhov kev taw qhia uas nws ntws ncaj qha los ntawm lub cuab yeej.

kev sib txuas ntawm Circuit Court breakers
kev sib txuas ntawm Circuit Court breakers

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias yav dhau los hauv kev kub ceev tsis siv neeg hloov pauv tau tsim, uas tau nrov heev ntawm kev sib tw substations. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog ntxiv ntawm no tias kev tsim khoom ntawm qee cov qauv ntawm cov cuab yeej no twb tau tas lawm, tab sis lawv tseem ua haujlwm.

qauv qauv

Yav dhau los, hom BV xws li AB-2/4, VAB-28 thiab VAB-43 tau tsim thiab siv heev. Txog niaj hnub no, lawv tau raug hloov los ntawm cov khoom siv xws li cov hloov pauv ceev VAB-49 thiab VAB-50, nrog rau lawv cov kev hloov pauv ntau yam.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov ntawm no. AB-2/4 high-speed DC hloov tsis tau tsim rau ob peb xyoo lawm, tab sis tseem siv tau nyob rau hauv ntau yam hluav taws xob seem nrog ncaj qha tam sim no. Nws yog ntsuas rau kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no ntawm 2 kA thiab qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 4 kV.

lub koom haum sab hauv
lub koom haum sab hauv

AB-2/4 device

Txhawm rau txuas cov cuab yeej no, nws muaj plaub lub insulators, uas nyob ntawm tus ncej ntawm lub tsheb tshwj xeeb. Tus tsim muajmagnetic circuit, uas yog lub ntsiab electromagnetic hloov. Cov cuab yeej ntawm kev hloov siab ceev implies muaj qhov tshwj xeeb arc chute. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug labyrinth-lub hom phiaj hom thiab muaj peev xwm ncav cuag lub arc mus txog 4.5 meters. Nws txoj haujlwm yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab sib nqus, uas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no txhim kho vim muaj zog ncej nyob sab nraum ob sab ntawm lub chamber.

Cov xov hlau lawv tus kheej tsis yog tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, tab sis tau tsim rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb sib nqus Circuit Court. Nyob rau ob sab ntawm xws li ib tug hlau muaj ib tug chamber ntawm magnetic blast coil. Nyob rau sab saum toj, cov phab ntsa ntawm lub chamber no sib txawv me ntsis, thiab ntawm no kuj tseem muaj ob peb lub voj voos zoo li qhov sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg, tsim cov labyrinth tsim nyog. Yog li, nws muaj peev xwm tsim qhov sib txawv ntawm ib hom zigzag, nrog kev pab los ntawm qhov uas nws muaj peev xwm ncav cuag lub arc.

Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub chamber, lub maze so. Ntawm no yog cov nplaim taws tshwj xeeb, uas tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob peb pob ntawm nyias steel daim hlau. Lawv yog tsim los kom txias thiab deionize cov pa roj thiab nplaim taws uas nrog arcing.

hloov cov duab kos duab
hloov cov duab kos duab

Kev sib txuas hluav taws xob

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov hloov pauv ceev yog qhib lub voj voog thaum lub sijhawm luv luv thiab qhib / tawm. Rau qhov no, tus qauv tsim muaj ob qhov kev sib tiv tauj tshwj xeeb. Lawv tau tsim los txuas BV rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev sib txuas yog tsim los ntawm hluav taws xob busbars. Tus tsim kuj muaj shuntinductive hom, uas yog nthuav tawm raws li ib pob nrog ob peb steel daim hlau insulated los ntawm ib leeg thiab hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lub tsheb npav tooj.

BV muaj qhov thaiv ntawm kev sib cuag. Lawv txuas nrog lub ntsiab kev sib cuag nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub arc chute. Qhov kev sib txuas no yog ua los ntawm cov pas nrig thiab cov levers.

circuit breaker internal qauv
circuit breaker internal qauv

Electromagnetic type switch device

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob yog nyob ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb cam khwb cia hlau ncej. Lub mechanism muaj ib tug sib nqus Circuit Court, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm ob cam khwb cia tuav nrog ib tug duab plaub seem. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, yog fastened ua ke los ntawm ib tug puag ncig pas nrig, thiab lwm qhov yog muab tso rau nws - ib tug tuav kauj. Ntawm ib qho ntawm cov tuav kuj tseem muaj U-shaped magnetic circuit. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ob peb daim hlau hlau, txhua qhov yog cais los ntawm lwm tus. Lub magnetic Circuit Court muaj ob rods. Txoj cai pas nrig yog npaj rau fastening lub kaw kauj. Sab laug yog nqa lub demagnetizing kauj ntawm lub ntsiab tam sim no, hauv lwm lo lus, lub kauj ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kuj muaj ib qho ntxiv coil rau calibration. Nws muaj peev xwm simulate lub ntsiab kauj thaum ntsuas ntsuas.

Lwm kab, tig, nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob "pob ntseg". Muaj ib lub qag tshwj xeeb ntawm no rau txuas lub thauj tog rau nkoj, uas kuj tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm cov ntawv hlau insulated.

Thaum lub sijhawm tig ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm nws thiab cov nqaj. Ntawm no axis nruab nrablub puab tsaig kuj tau kho lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg sib cuag. Txhawm rau ua rau lub zog, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb qhib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav uas rub nws mus rau sab xis. Lub zog, nyob rau hauv lem, txuas nrog lub demagnetizing kauj los ntawm kev hloov pauv tus neeg xyuas pib ua los ntawm tooj liab ntawv nyiaj. Parallel mus rau tib lub kauj, lub inductive shunt yog qhib.

Tus hloov pauv kuj tseem muaj kev sib cuag ruaj khov, uas txuas nrog hauv koob rau lub tshuab nqus hlau nplaum. Txhawm rau txuas mus rau ib qho hluav taws xob sab nraud, BV muaj ob qhov kev sib txuas lus.

Circuit Court breaker tsim
Circuit Court breaker tsim

Tig lub cuab yeej ntawm tus piv txwv ntawm VB-11

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom siv tau hloov pauv hauv ob kauj ruam. Tom qab qhib lub cuab yeej, nias lub pob VU, qhov hluav taws xob tau muab los ntawm 20 A xaim mus rau qhov tuav lub kauj. Thaum lub sij hawm ntws ntawm tam sim no los ntawm lub caij no, ib tug flux yuav raug tsim, uas yog feem ntau denoted los ntawm tsab ntawv F. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsis muaj zog. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws kaw los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov huab cua uas muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov ncej ntawm cov hlau nplaum, vim tias cov armature tseem tsis tau nias tawm tsam tus ncej.

Kev tiv thaiv rov qab

Circuit Court breakers muaj lub khawm "tiv thaiv rov qab", tom qab nias qhov hluav taws xob fais fab rau lub valve pib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, compressed cua pib ntws mus rau hauv lub tog raj kheej pneumatic tsav. Lub piston ntawm ib lub tog raj kheej yuav sawv, tig tus pas nrig clockwise. Qhov no yuav ncab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav qhib. Vim lub fact tias ua ke nrog lub rubcov pas nrig kuj txav mus, cov hluav taws xob sib nqus yuav tig ib ncig ntawm axis, tab sis twb counterclockwise.

Ua ke nrog kev txav ntawm thawj lub piston, qhov thib ob kuj txav, txav mus, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm huab cua compressed. Lub piston muaj lub laub, uas, thaum txav mus, yuav ua rau ntawm qhov sib tiv tauj thiab thauj tog rau nkoj. Nws yuav nqa tawm qhov kev sib hloov ntawm lub armature kom txog thaum nws raug nias tawm tsam tus ncej ntawm cov hlau nplaum hluav taws xob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov kev mus los ntawm kev sib cuag lever yog txwv los ntawm lub magnetic Circuit Court tig mus rau nws. Tom qab ntawd, qhov tuav tam sim no, yav tas los xaiv los ua F, yuav nce ntxiv thaum nws hla lub thauj tog rau nkoj, yog li tuav nws ruaj khov.

Tom qab ntawd, lub pob "tiv thaiv rov qab" raug tso tawm, thiab yuav luag tag nrho cov kab ke rov qab los rau nws txoj haujlwm qub, tshwj tsis yog lub armature, uas tseem nruj nreem nias rau cov ncej. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus yuav raug tso tawm thiab yuav pib tig clockwise kom txog thaum nws kaw cov neeg tseem ceeb.

BVP-5 high-speed circuit breaker

Zoo li lwm yam ntawm cov cuab yeej no, qhov no yog tsim los ua kom tawg Circuit Court thiab tiv thaiv nws ntawm luv luv Circuit Court. Raws li kev tsim, muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb: vaj tse, pneumatic hom tsav, KU, electromagnetic hom tuav cov cuab yeej, arc extinguishing system, locking mechanisms.

Ua ntej pib kho cov hom kev ua haujlwm nrawm nrawm, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav qhov nro ntawm qhov qhib qhov rooj. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem mus rautshem tawm cov cua springs. Tom qab ntawd, txhua qhov txav ntawm lub cuab yeej yuav raug tso tawm ntawm qhov nro thiab lawv tuaj yeem tig mus rau txhua qhov kev taw qhia yooj yim rau kev kho.

Raws li kev tawg, feem ntau qhov no yog kev sib kis ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm armature thiab magnetic circuit, uas tuaj yeem tshem tau yooj yim los ntawm kev tu yooj yim. Qee lub sij hawm nws tshwm sim tias lub lever kov cov phab ntsa ntawm lub arc extinguishing chamber.

Raws li kev kho ntawm arc chute nws tus kheej, deion gratings, sab nrauv phab ntsa thiab nws cov partitions sab hauv feem ntau raug tshem tawm rau qhov no. Lub grate yog disassembled thiab huv si huv si ntawm carbon deposits thiab oxides.

Electric Locomotive Quick Breaker

BV yog qhov zoo rau kev tua cov traction motors yog tias muaj ntau yam ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Lawv feem ntau yog siv los ntawm hluav taws xob locomotives. Piv txwv li, ntawm ChS2, xws li ib hom BV li 12NS raug teeb tsa. Nws muaj lub tshuab pneumatic tsav, thiab cov qauv yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li cov cab kuj, ib qho kev sib cuag tsis siv neeg mus ncig ua si relay, arc extinguishing device, pneumatic tsav, thiab kev cuam tshuam los yog kev sib cuag.

Qhov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm nrawm nrawm yog 3kV thiab qhov ntsuas tam sim no yog 2kA.

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