Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim los ua kom nce lossis txo qhov hluav taws xob hauv lub network. Cov cuab yeej transformer tau tsim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg los ntawm Lavxias teb sab engineer hu ua Yablochnikov. Tau ntev lawm.
Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv yog qhov yooj yim heev. Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws xob hlau daim hlau, uas ob windings raug mob. Thawj winding, hu ua thawj winding, yog txuas nrog lub hwj chim qhov chaw. Qhov thib ob winding, theem nrab, txuas nrog rau cov neeg siv khoom - mus rau lub load.
Yog tias qhov tam sim no dhau los ntawm thawj qhov kev sib txuas nrog lub hauv paus, ces qhov tam sim no yuav tsim cov hlau nplaum hloov pauv hauv cov tub ntxhais, uas yuav ua rau muaj EMF (electromotive force) nyob rau hauv qhov thib ob winding. Rau tag nrho cov transformers, lub tswvyim ntawm transformation ratio yog siv. Qhov no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov voltage ntawm lub hauv paus winding rau qhov voltage ntawm lub thib ob winding. Koj tseem tuaj yeem xam qhov kev hloov pauv los ntawm qhov piv ntawm tus lej ntawm cov lem ntawm cov windings. W1/W2=k, qhov twg W1 yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov lem ntawm thawj winding, W2 yog, ntsig txog, tus naj npawb ntawm lem ntawm lub thib ob winding.
Hais txog cov cuab yeej ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov tshuab hluav taws xob no tau muab faib ua qib nce thiab nqis. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias qhov voltage ntawm lub thib ob winding yog ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, xws li ib tug transformer yog hu ua kauj ruam-up. Thiab yog hais tias theem nrab voltage tsawg tshaj li thawj - ces nqis-down. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv windings yeej ib txwm muaj inverse kev sib raug zoo nrog lub voltage, thiab li no nrog tus naj npawb ntawm lem. Yog li ntawd, thawj winding yog ua los ntawm ib tug hlau ntawm me me hla ntu, tab sis nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm lem. Thiab qhov thib ob winding yog qhov sib txawv: tsawg dua, tab sis qhov loj dua hlau hla ntu. Cov tub ntxhais thiab tus quab yog sib sau los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv hluav taws xob hlau, vim nws ua cov hlau nplaum sib nqus zoo kawg nkaus. Cov nplooj ntawv yog insulated los ntawm ib leeg los txo cov eddy tam sim no thiab txo cov tub ntxhais poob. Txoj kev sib dhos no ua rau kom qhov ua tau zoo (coefficient ntawm kev ua tau zoo).
Lub tshuab hloov pauv tso cai rau koj faib lub tshuab no raws li ob peb lwm yam. Piv txwv li, raws li tus naj npawb ntawm theem, transformers tau muab faib ua peb-theem thiab ib-theem. Lawv kuj raug faib raws li lub hom phiaj. Yeej, lub zog thiab tshwj xeeb transformers tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub zog transformer yog tsim los rau kev sib kis thiab kev faib hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Tshwj xeeb transformers tuaj yeem sib txawv heev - cov no yog vuam, ntsuas, ntsuas, rauv, thiab ntsuas. Autotransformers kuj tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau lawv (hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob thib ob thiab thawj windings txuas rau hauv ib qho hluav taws xob. Circuit Court, tsim kev sib txuas hluav taws xob ib yam nkaus, tsis yog ib qho sib nqus xwb).
Cov transformers no tsis txawv ntau dhau hauv kev tsim, txij li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam nyob txhua qhov chaw. Hais txog cov cuab yeej ntawm lub vuam transformer, piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem hais tias ntxiv rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob ib txwm siv, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tau ntxiv uas tswj cov vuam tam sim no.
