Hnub no, txhua lub tsev muaj TV. Nws ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, ib qho kev lom zem. Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv no muaj txog 90 xyoo. Nws yog ze ze rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm TV - ib txoj hauv kev xa cov duab ntawm txhua qhov deb.
History of TV development
Thawj qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv TV tau txuas nrog kev kawm ntxaws thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem photomechanical, kev tshawb pom cov duab ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj. Kev ua tiav ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau tsim lub hauv paus ntawm thawj lub TV, piv txwv li, Bain's facsimile tshuab, Nipkow's scanning disk.
Mechanical TV period
Nyob rau xyoo 1906, M. Dieckmann thiab G. Glage patented Brown raj, thiab xyoo tom qab lawv nthuav tawm lub xov tooj cua nrog 20-kab npo ntsuas 3 X 3 cm thiab scanning ceev ntawm 10 ntas ib ob.
Xyoo 1907, Xib Fwb B. Rosing patented "txoj kev xa duab duab". Thawj qhov kev paub tsis tiav tag nrho: thawjdaim duab tseem. Lub cathode ray tube tau siv los ua qauv qhia cov duab, thiab kev luam theej duab tau siv los xa cov ntaub ntawv. Txoj kev no kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov qauv TV niaj hnub no.
Serial TVs hauv xyoo 1929 tau tsim los ntawm Asmeskas tuam txhab Western TV. Qhov peculiarity yog qhov screen me me, uas nws nyuaj rau pom ib yam dab tsi. Lub cuab yeej tsuas yog siv nrog lub xov tooj cua receiver. Nws ntes tau cov teeb liab video thiab xa cov duab mus rau qhov screen.
Cov evolution ntawm TVs yog inextricably txuas nrog nrhiav pom ntawm electrovacuum li. Txij li thaum xyoo 1934, DFR - lub chaw nres tsheb TV "German Television Broadcasting" pib ua haujlwm nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub xeev German, nws tau xa cov teeb liab hauv 180 kab. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes xyoo 1936, cov xwm txheej ntawm Berlin Kev Ua Si Olympiad tau nthuav dav los ntawm TV nyob.
Nyob rau tib lub xyoo, lub tuam txhab German tsim Telefunken tau pib tsim cov TV loj nrog kinescopes. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, UK tau pib tsim cov khoom siv xov tooj cua nrog qhov ntsuas zaus ntawm 405 kab - daim duab muaj qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd.
Thawj TV teeb tsa hauv tebchaws Russia
Hauv xyoo 1938 TV tshaj tawm tau ua los ntawm Kev Paub Leningrad TV Center. Yuav kom tau txais cov teeb liab, 20 VRK TV teeb tau tsim nrog cov ntxaij vab tshaus 13 X 17.5 cm. Hauv Moscow, TV tshaj tawm tau pib xyoo 1939. Thawj qhov kev hloov pauv yog ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab uas hais txog qhov qhib ntawm XVIII Congress of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Kev txais tos tau ua los ntawm ntau tshaj 100 tus neeg txais xov tooj cua "TK-1", muaj qhov screen loj ntawm 14 X 18 centimeters. Thawj TV receiverstau siv los saib los ntawm pab pawg neeg pej xeem. Xyoo 1949, KVN-49 ntaus ntawv tau tshwm sim hauv USSR nrog tus nqi decomposition ntawm 625 kab.
Kev loj hlob hauv TV muag
Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, muaj ntau tshaj 10 lab cov khoom siv hauv Asmeskas. Qhov no yog vim muaj lub zog yuav khoom siab, muaj kev lag luam kev lag luam uas tsim riam phom thiab tso tsheb hlau luam thaum ua tsov rog. Hauv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, lawv tau rov ua dua los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub hauv txhua tsev neeg.
xov tooj cua TV tau nrov tshwj xeeb - cov khoom siv muaj xws li xov tooj cua, kaw suab, TV.
xim TV
Xyoo 1950, CBS TV tshaj tawm xov xwm tau ua haujlwm hauv Tebchaws Meskas, tom qab ntawd raug tshem tawm vim qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus dub thiab dawb. Txij li thaum xyoo 1953, nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Soviet Union, kev tshaj tawm hauv cov xim tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev sim. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub teeb lim tshwj xeeb tau txuas nrog lub tshuab txais ua haujlwm. Xyoo 1955, qhov txheej txheem no raug kaw vim qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim.
Yam yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xov tooj cua yog qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov qauv uas xa cov duab xim rau cov neeg txais xim dub thiab dawb. Txij li thaum xyoo 1960s, ob lub tshuab TV xim tau los ua haujlwm: German PAL thiab Fabkis SECAM. Cov tom kawg tau lees paub tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sim mus sij hawm ntev rau cov duab thiab suab xa mus rau qhov ntev. Nws tau siv hauv cheeb tsamUSSR.
Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm xa cov duab xim coj mus rau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm TV thiab kev tsim cov xim txais. Thawj lub cuab yeej xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv xim, xyoo 1953, yog RCA CT-100, ua haujlwm ntawm American NTSC system.
Cov tuam txhab xov tooj cua hauv Nyij Pooj tau teeb tsa sai sai ntawm cov xim TV. Lawv qhov muag muag hauv Asmeskas kev lag luam pib nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.
HDTV
Nyob rau xyoo 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, cov tshuab tau tshwm sim uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib kis thiab txais cov teeb liab hla txhua qhov deb.
kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm TV yog lub sijhawm ntawm digital TV.
Computerization ntawm tag nrho cov spheres ntawm tib neeg lub neej tau ua rau kev tshawb pom ntawm digital coding thiab txo qis ntawm kev poob thaum compressing cov ntaub ntawv rau kev sib kis tom ntej. Nws tau txiav txim siab coj txoj kev loj hlob ntawm American ATSC tus qauv, Japanese ISDB-T thiab European DVB-T rau hauv cov kev cai sib xws.
Kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob tau coj mus rau theem tom ntej hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm TVs, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv sab nraud. Qhov no tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub ntim ntawm lub kinescope, ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub TV screen diagonally. Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov plasma panels, LED, kua siv lead ua kua ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo qhov tob ntawm cov cuab yeej mus rau ob peb centimeters.
Internet TV
Kev cia siab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm TV yog inextricably txuas nrog lub zog ntawm Internet ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Yav dhau los tshaj tawm, cable,satellite technologies rau kis tau tus mob ntawm TV cov ntaub ntawv. Tam sim no Internet, ntse, IPTV-tv yog nrov.
Kev muag ntawm TVs nrog cov duab zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo tau nce zuj zus. Cov neeg yuav khoom ntsib qhov kev xaiv nyuaj thaum yuav khoom siv hauv tsev. Loj, screen curvature, daws teeb meem, matrix technologies, 3D kev them nyiaj yug, siab tshaj plaws Wi-Fi bandwidth, nqi - qhov no yog ib tug tsis tiav daim ntawv teev cov yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim qhov kev yuav khoom ntawm tus qauv xav tau. Undoubtedly, ntxiv evolution ntawm TVs yog txuam nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Internet technologies, nrhiav pom cov khoom tshiab, inventions nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm xov tooj cua-electronic kev lag luam.
Txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov kws tshawb fawb inventions, nrhiav pom cov duab tshiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nteg lub hauv paus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm TV. Thawj tus txais tau loj heev, nrog cov ntxaij vab tshaus me me. Daim duab ntawm thawj lub xov tooj txais tsis tau txav mus, tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus dav dav pom xwb.
Kev sim txoj hauv kev tau qhib txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev xa cov ntaub ntawv. Kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1941-1945 tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm TV teeb tsa ntawm thaj chaw ntawm USSR. Tab sis Asmeskas thiab Nyij Pooj tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim kho tshiab hauv TV. Cov evolution ntawm TVs tau pom meej meej los ntawm cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv raws sijhawm.
Kev muaj peev xwm hloov cov ntaub ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem, txuas cov khoom siv ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub vev xaib, kev tshawb pom ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kev qhia txog kev txhim kho kom txo tau cov kinescope thiab nce qhov screen kab pheeb ces kaum tau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv cov tsos ntawm TVs.
