Lub tshuab hloov pauv yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas nws lub cuab yeej tsim los hloov ib qho kev hloov pauv tam sim no rau lwm tus. Transformers ua haujlwm ntawm alternating tam sim no. Cov tshuab no tau txais qhov dav tshaj plaws, txij li cov hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau xa mus rau qhov ntev ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua li qib uas tsim nyog rau kev lag luam hluav taws xob lossis siv hauv tsev. Yog li, kev siv lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo qhov poob ntawm hluav taws xob thaum nws kis tau tus mob thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem zoo. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab no yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv, uas yog, kev ua haujlwm zoo. Lwm tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog qhov kev hloov pauv, uas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov piv ntawm qhov input voltage rau qhov tso zis voltage.
A transformer feem ntau yog cov khoom zoo li qub. Ib tug pa transformer (thiab muaj ob peb hom) muaj ib tug tub ntxhais, uas yog assembled los ntawm ferromagnetic daim hlau, raws li zoo raws li theem nrab thiab thawj windings, uas yog nyob rau hauv opposite rau lub hauv paus. Raws li twb tau hais lawm, muaj cov hom kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb: kev nce qib (qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ntau dua li cov khoom nkag) thiabkauj ruam-down (voltage ntawm cov zis yog tsawg tshaj li ntawm cov input). Ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej yog ib qhov voltage zaus.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv, peb qhia cov lus hauv qab no:
- P1 - hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev hloov pauv,
- P2 - tso zis zog,
- PL yog lub zog poob.
Hauv qhov no, txoj cai kev txuag hluav taws xob yuav siv daim ntawv: P1=P2 + PL. Siv cov ntawv sau no, nws yooj yim los muab cov qauv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv. Cov qauv kev ua haujlwm yuav zoo li no: n=P2 / P1=(P1- PL) / P1=1- PL / P1. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, nws tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv ntau lub versions. Los ntawm cov qauv kawg nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem ntau dua 1 (uas yog, nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais kev ua haujlwm ntau dua li ib puas feem pua). Qhov no yog to taub.
Kev suav kom raug qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv yog qhov teeb meem nyuaj dua li nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Thaum tsim thiab tsim cov circuits thiab tag nrho cov tsim ntawm lub transformer los yog ib tug series ntawm transformers ntawm ib yam, tsim engineers feem ntau ntsib tej yam teeb meem. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau txo tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum txo qis kev noj cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qhov tod tes, txhawm rau ua kom cov cuab yeej txhim khu kev qha hauv kev ua haujlwm, kev siv cov khoom siv no yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv.
Nws yog rau cov laj thawj tsis sib haum xeeb uas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv feem ntau yog ua qauv, yog li normalizing kev poob. Thaum txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm cov coefficientKev ua haujlwm ntawm transformer yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab cov kab sib txuas, uas yog, coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau yam kev lag luam. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv tuaj yeem sib txawv nrog kev thauj khoom, thiab qhov tseem ceeb no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim chav tsev no.
