Kab lus no yuav tham txog ARM Cortex A7 processor architecture. Cov khoom lag luam semiconductor raws li nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv smartphones, routers, ntsiav tshuaj PCs thiab lwm yam khoom siv mobile, qhov twg nws mus txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntu kev lag luam no. Tam sim no nws tau maj mam hloov los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab thiab tshiab tshiab.
Cov ntaub ntawv luv luv txog ARM
keeb kwm ntawm ARM pib xyoo 1990 thaum nws tau tsim los ntawm Robin Saxby. Lub hauv paus rau nws cov creation yog ib tug tshiab microprocessor architecture. Yog tias ua ntej qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam CPU tau nyob ntawm x86 lossis CISC, tom qab tsim lub tuam txhab no, ib qho tsim nyog tau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv RISC. Hauv thawj kis, kev ua tiav ntawm qhov program code raug txo mus rau 4 theem:
- Tau txais cov lus qhia tshuab.
- Kev hloov pauv microcode.
- Tau microinstructions.
- Kev ua tiav ntawm cov lus qhia ib ntus.
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm RISС architecture yog tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem raug txo mus rau 2 theem:
- Tau txais cov lus qhia RISC.
- Kev ua RISC cov lus qhia.
Ob leeg nyob rau hauv thawj thiab thib ob rooj plaub muaj ob qho tib si pluses thiab tseem ceeb drawbacks. x86 ntse kov yeej lub computer lag luam, thiab RISC (xws li ARM Cortex A7, qhia hauv 2011) - lub khw muag khoom txawb.
Keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm Cortex A7 architecture. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
Cortex A8 tau txais txiaj ntsig los ua lub hauv paus rau Cortex A7. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg tsim tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ua kom cov kev ua tau zoo thiab ua kom lub zog efficiency ntawm lub processor tov. Qhov no yog qhov kawg tshwm sim rau cov engineers ntawm ARM. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog qhov ua tau los tsim CPU nrog big. LITTLE thev naus laus zis. Ntawd yog, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor tuaj yeem suav nrog 2 kev suav modules. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog tsom rau kev daws cov haujlwm yooj yim tshaj plaws nrog kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab, raws li txoj cai, Cortex A7 cores ua haujlwm hauv lub luag haujlwm no. Qhov thib ob yog tsim los khiav cov software nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab tau ua raws li Cortex A15 lossis Cortex A17 suav units. Raws li txoj cai, "Cortex A7" tau nthuav tawm, raws li tau hais ua ntej, xyoo 2011. Zoo, thawj ARM Cortex A7 processor tau tso tawm ib xyoos tom qab, uas yog, hauv 2012.
Tsev tsim khoom
Thawj zaugCov khoom lag luam semiconductor raws li A7 tau tsim raws li cov qauv thev naus laus zis ntawm 65 nm. Tam sim no cov cuab yeej no tau vam khom dhau lawm. Tom qab ntawd, ob tiam ntxiv ntawm A7 processors raug tso tawm raws li cov qauv kam rau ua ntawm 40 nm thiab 32 nm. Tab sis tam sim no lawv tau dhau los ua tsis tseem ceeb. Qhov tseeb CPU qauv raws li cov qauv no twb tau tsim raws li 28 nm tus qauv, thiab nws yog lawv tseem tuaj yeem pom ntawm muag. Ib qho kev hloov pauv ntxiv mus rau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tshiab nrog cov qauv kev zam tshiab thiab cov qauv qub qub tsis yog qhov xav tau. Chips raws li A7 tam sim no nyob rau feem ntau ntawm kev siv nyiaj txiag ntawm kev lag luam khoom siv xov tooj ntawm tes thiab lawv tau maj mam hloov los ntawm cov khoom siv raws li A53, uas, yuav luag tib lub zog siv hluav taws xob, muaj qib siab dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Architecture ntawm microprocessor core
1, 2, 4 lossis 8 cores tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm ARM Cortex A7 raws CPU. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov processors nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg qhia tias cov nti muaj qhov tseem ceeb 2 pawg ntawm 4 cores. Rau 2-3 xyoos, nkag-theem processor cov khoom tau raws li cov chips nrog 1 lossis 2 suav modules. Cov theem nruab nrab tau nyob los ntawm 4-core daws teeb meem. Zoo, ntu hwm yog qab 8-core chips. Txhua microprocessor core raws li cov qauv no suav nrog cov qauv hauv qab no:
- Floating Point Unit (FPU).
- Nyiaj kub theem 1.
- NEON thaiv rau CPU optimization.
- ARMv7 xam module.
Tseem muaj cov hauv qab noCheebtsam rau tag nrho cov cores hauv CPU:
- Nyiaj L2.
- CoreSight core control unit.
- AMBA cov ntaub ntawv tsheb npav nrog 128 ntsis peev xwm.
Zoo frequencies
Lub sijhawm moos siab tshaj plaws rau qhov microprocessor architecture tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 600 MHz txog 3 GHz. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov parameter no, uas qhia txog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv computer, sib txawv. Ntxiv mus, qhov zaus cuam tshuam los ntawm peb yam hauv ib zaug:
- Qeb qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov teeb meem tau daws.
- Degree ntawm software optimization rau multithreading.
- Tam sim no tus nqi ntawm semiconductor siv lead ua kub.
Raws li piv txwv, xav txog qhov algorithm ntawm MT6582 nti, uas yog raws li A7 thiab suav nrog 4 lub tshuab xam zauv, qhov zaus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 600 MHz mus rau 1.3 GHz. Hauv hom tsis ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem muaj tsuas yog ib chav suav, thiab nws ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm 600 MHz. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws yuav tshwm sim thaum daim ntawv thov yooj yim raug tso tawm ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Tab sis thaum cov khoom ua si siv nyiaj ntau nrog kev ua kom zoo rau ntau txoj xov xwm tshwm sim hauv cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm, tag nrho 4 blocks ntawm kev ua haujlwm code ua haujlwm ntawm zaus ntawm 1.3 GHz yuav pib ua haujlwm. Raws li CPU ua kom sov, cov cores kub tshaj plaws yuav txo qis tus nqi zaus lossis txawm tiastig tawm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj hauv kev no muab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nti.
Cache
Tsuas yog 2 qib cache tsuas yog muab rau hauv ARM Cortex A7. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub semiconductor siv lead ua, nyob rau hauv lem, qhia hais tias thawj theem yuav tsum tau muab faib ua 2 sib npaug halves. Ib tug ntawm lawv yuav tsum khaws cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam - cov lus qhia. Tag nrho cov cache loj ntawm qib 1 raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem sib npaug rau 64 KB. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb tau txais 32 KB rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab 32 KB rau cov lej. Qhov thib ob qib cache hauv qhov no yuav nyob ntawm tus qauv CPU tshwj xeeb. Nws qhov ntim tsawg tshaj plaws tuaj yeem sib npaug li 0 MB (uas yog, tsis tuaj), thiab qhov loj tshaj - 4 MB.
RAM maub los. Features
Built-in RAM maub los los nrog txhua ARM Cortex A7 processor. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm txoj kev npaj qhia tau hais tias nws yog tsom rau kev ua haujlwm nrog LPDDR3 RAM. Qhov pom zoo ua haujlwm zaus ntawm RAM hauv qhov no yog 1066 MHz lossis 1333 MHz. Qhov siab tshaj plaws RAM loj uas tuaj yeem pom hauv kev xyaum rau cov qauv nti no yog 2 GB.
Integrated Graphics
Raws li qhov xav tau, cov khoom siv microprocessor no muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov duab kos. ARM pom zoo kom siv nws tus kheej Mali-400MP2 graphics card nrog CPU no. Tab sis nws qhov kev ua tau zoo feem ntau tsis txaus los qhib lub peev xwmmicroprocessor ntaus ntawv. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg tsim khoom siv nti siv cov khoom siv tau zoo dua ua ke nrog cov nti no, piv txwv li, Fais fab VR6200.
Software nta
Peb hom kev khiav hauj lwm lub hom phiaj ARM processors:
- Android los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav loj Google.
- iOS by APPLE.
- Windows Mobile los ntawm Microsoft.
Txhua lwm yam software tseem tsis tau txais ntau qhov kev faib tawm. Kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov software no, raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, yog nyob hauv Android. Qhov no system muaj ib tug yooj yim thiab intuitive interface thiab nkag-theem pab kiag li lawm raws li nws yog heev, pheej yig heev. Txog rau version 4.4 suav nrog, nws yog 32-ntsis, thiab txij li 5.0 nws pib txhawb 64-ntsis suav. Qhov OS no ua tiav ntawm txhua tsev neeg ntawm RISC CPUs, suav nrog ARM Cortex A7. Cov ntawv qhia engineering yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov system software. Nrog nws cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem rov kho cov peev txheej ntawm OS. Kev nkag mus rau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov no tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev siv tus lej uas yog tus kheej rau txhua tus qauv CPU.
Lwm yam tseem ceeb ntawm OS no yog kev teeb tsa ntawm txhua qhov hloov tshiab tau txais. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias cov yam ntxwv tshiab yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov chips ntawm ARM Cortex A7 tsev neeg. Firmware tuaj yeem ntxiv lawv. Qhov thib ob system yog tsom rau APPLE mobile gadgets. Cov khoom siv zoo li no feem ntau nyob hauv ntu ntu thiab muaj cov qib sib xws ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi. Qhov tseeb OS nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm Windows Mobile tseem tsis tau txaiszoo heev faib. Muaj cov khoom siv raws li nws nyob hauv ib ntu ntawm cov khoom siv txawb, tab sis qee qhov me me ntawm daim ntawv thov software hauv qhov no yog qhov cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev faib tawm.
processor qauv
Tus nqi pheej yig tshaj plaws thiab tsim khoom tsawg kawg hauv qhov no yog 1-core chips. Qhov dav tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog MT6571 los ntawm MediaTek. Mus txog qhov tsis zoo yog ARM Cortex A7 Dual Core CPUs. Ib qho piv txwv yog MT6572 los ntawm tib lub chaw tsim khoom. Ib qib siab dua ntawm kev ua tau zoo tau muab los ntawm Quad Core ARM Cortex A7. Cov nti nrov tshaj plaws los ntawm tsev neeg no yog MT6582, uas tam sim no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv txawb nkag. Zoo, qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tau zoo tau muab los ntawm 8-core central processors, uas MT6595 koom.
Kev vam meej ntxiv
Txog tam sim no koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov khoom siv txawb ntawm lub khw muag khoom raws li cov khoom siv semiconductor raws li 4X ARM Cortex A7. Cov no yog MT6580, MT6582 thiab Snapdragon 200. Tag nrho cov chips no suav nrog 4 lub khoos phis tawj thiab muaj qib zoo ntawm lub zog ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog heev, heev me ntsis. Tab sis tseem, lub sij hawm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no microprocessor architecture yog qab peb. Lub ncov ntawm kev muag khoom raws li nws poob rau xyoo 2013-2014, thaum nws tau xyaum tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev ua lag luam mobile gadget. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb tab tom tham txog kev siv nyiaj txiag nrog 1 lossis 2suav modules, thiab nrog flagship gadgets nrog 8-core CPU. Tam sim no, nws tau maj mam raug yuam tawm ntawm kev ua lag luam los ntawm Cortex A53, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb hloov kho 64-ntsis version ntawm A7. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws khaws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm nws tus thawj coj tag nrho thiab tag nrho, thiab yav tom ntej yog nws tus kheej.
Kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg siv. Kev tshuaj xyuas tiag tiag txog chips raws li cov qauv no. Lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog
Yeej muaj tseeb, qhov tshwm sim ntawm ARM Cortex A7 architecture ntawm microprocessor li tau dhau los ua qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom siv txawb. Qhov pov thawj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no yog tias cov khoom siv raws li nws tau ua tiav muag rau ntau tshaj 5 xyoos. Tau kawg, tam sim no lub peev xwm ntawm A7-based CPU tsis txaus txawm tias los daws cov haujlwm nruab nrab, tab sis cov txheej txheem yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm cov chips no tseem ua tiav. Cov npe ntawm cov software no suav nrog kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, mloog cov suab kaw, nyeem cov phau ntawv, surfing lub vev xaib, thiab txawm tias cov khoom ua si yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv qhov no yuav pib yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Qhov no yog dab tsi tus thawj coj thematic portals mob siab rau mobile gadgets thiab cov cuab yeej tsom rau, ob qho tib si cov kws tshaj lij ntawm hom no thiab cov neeg siv zoo tib yam. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm A7 yog qhov tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa rau 64-ntsis suav. Zoo, nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Results
Yeej muaj tseeb, ARM Cortex A7 architecture yog tag nrhoera nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm mobile pab kiag li lawm. Nws yog nrog nws qhov tshwm sim uas cov khoom siv txawb tau los ua tus nqi pheej yig thiab ua tau zoo heev. Thiab tsuas yog qhov tseeb tias nws tau ua tiav muag rau ntau tshaj 5 xyoo yog lwm qhov kev lees paub ntawm qhov no. Tab sis yog tias thaum xub thawj gadgets raws li nws nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab hwm ntu ntawm kev ua lag luam, tam sim no lawv tsuas yog cov chav kawm siv nyiaj xwb. Qhov kev tsim vaj tsev no tau dhau los thiab maj mam dhau los ua ib yam dhau los.
