Cov kab lus "Tus Kwv Loj tab tom saib koj" yog qhov tseem ceeb niaj hnub no ntau dua li niaj hnub no: tau kawg, peb tseem tsis tau mus txog tag nrho kev soj ntsuam, tab sis kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuab engineering tuaj yeem pom ua ntej. Ntau tus sensors txuas nrog cov tswj xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej, kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej, kev nplij siab hauv chav ua haujlwm ntse, tsev, tsheb lossis pej xeem lub tsev.
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntse tau muab faib ua ob pawg: cov suab sensors thiab ib puag ncig saib xyuas sensors.
suab sensors
Lawv suav nrog hauv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov teeb pom kev ntse. Sensors uas taug qab qhov kev txav ntawm cov khoom raug cais raws li kev txawj ntse. Lawv tshawb xyuas ntau thaj chaw ib txhij, txiav txim siab qhov ntim, qhov loj ntawm cov khoom thiab qhov deb ntawm nws. Kev ruaj ntseg system nrog lub khoos phis tawj txuas nrog thiab nruab software saibtxav ntawm ib qho khoom hauv ib lub tsev thiab txiav txim siab nws qhov chaw nyob.
Ob hom ntawm cov ntsiab lus rhiab siv nyob rau hauv kev ruaj ntseg systems - acoustic iav-break detector thiab ib tug reed hloov - tsis yog nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm trackers.
Acoustic detector thiab reed hloov
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub reed hloov - ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob - tshwm sim thaum qhib kev sib cuag. Qhov no yog nrog los ntawm kev ua kom lub tswb thiab xa cov lus rau thawj tus neeg teb. Reed keyboards yog wireless thiab wired. Lawv muab kev ruaj ntseg siab.
Acoustic detectors - sensors rau "Smart Home" uas hnov suab thaum iav tawg. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tawg-nyob rau hauv, lub kaw lus teeb liab raug xa mus rau qhov kev ruaj ntseg system console.
Kev txav chaw thiab muaj nyob sensors
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov lus tsa suab sensors yog ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev taug qab cov kev hloov pauv hauv ultrasonic thiab infrared teb. Xws li sensors yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev ruaj ntseg systems thiab tsis siv neeg lub teeb tswj. Cov infrared sensors siv nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev zoo yog nruab nrog lub teeb sensors. Qee cov qauv ntawm Smart Home sensors muaj qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw taws teeb IR teeb liab txais.
Presence sensors ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov suab sensors, tab sis muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua rau cov kev hloov pauv. Ntxiv rau infrared, muaj cov qauv capacitive thiab inductive. Lub functionality ntawm tom kawg tso cai rau koj taug qab cov khoom siv hlau hauv cov chaw pabcuam. Siab rhiab heevCov ntsuas qhov muaj nyob tiv thaiv lawv cov kev siv hauv kev ruaj ntseg - hloov pauv, lawv tau teeb tsa hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab teeb pom kev zoo.
Sensor nta
Txawm tias tag nrho nws qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tsev ntse ntse yog lub peev xwm los hla lawv. Piv txwv li, infrared sensors teb rau cov kev hloov hauv lub cev kub tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim dag.
Vim li no, txhawm rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tag nrho, cov neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg pom zoo kom txhim kho ntau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm cov khoom uas tau tso siab.
Nws yog qhov ua tau tsis yooj yim sua kom tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm lub tsev ntse ntse tsuas yog nyob ntawm lub xub ntiag thiab lub suab sensors. Lub teeb liab tsis tau txais yog tias qhov khoom tsis txav mus ntev, yog li ntawd, tsis muaj qhov tseeb tias chav tsev yog khoob.
Smart Home system software sau cov neeg hauv chav thiab txuag cov ntaub ntawv. Photoelectric sensors ntsia rau hauv txoj kev hauv tsev lossis qhib kev txiav txim siab seb tus neeg puas tau tawm lossis nkag mus. Xws li sensors ntes cov txav ntawm cov khoom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaim beam spectrum.
Cov sensors zoo sib xws tau teeb tsa rau ntawm cov teeb meem, chaw nres tsheb thiab nkag qhov rooj tsis siv neeg. Cov cuab yeej ntse hauv tsev kuaj pom tias ib tus neeg dhau los ntawm lub rooj vag lossis tsis, cia li kaw lossis qhib lawv.
Photoelectric sensors tau hloov pauv los ntawm laser sensors ntawm cov chaw tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv vimnyiaj txiag tsis txwv. Lawv lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm optical analogs yog siab rhiab heev thiab tsis muaj kev ua yuam kev hauv cov ntaub ntawv nyeem. Lawv ua hauj lwm ntawm qhov deb heev thiab hnov qab txawm tias cov khoom me me.
Tswv Cuab Devices
Cov no yog cov khoom siv rau "Smart Home", tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm engineering systems. Cov khoom siv cua sov niaj hnub no tau nruab nrog ntau hom khoom siv kub.
Sab nraum zoov sensors saib xyuas huab cua kub sab nraud. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm lawv thiab qhov chaw nres tsheb huab cua hauv tsev tso cai rau koj los teeb tsa txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm lub qhov cua thiab cua sov.
Smart Home chav ntsuas kub ntsuas tau nruab rau ntawm qhov xa rov qab thiab muab cov kab ntawm cov dej txias kom tswj tau qhov ntsuas kub zoo hauv chav.
Environment sensors
Gas leak sensors ceeb toom koj txog qhov xau nrog lub teeb liab shrill. Kev siv roj yuav tsum nres yog tias muaj lub kaw lus kaw nrog lub solenoid valve ntawm qhov nkag.
Cov ntsuas hluav taws ntes cov pa taws hauv huab cua hauv chav lossis qhov kub thiab txias siab tshaj qhov ntsuas tau tsim.
Leak sensors kaw cov li qub nyob rau hauv cov kav dej thaum dej nkag mus rau cov khoom saib xyuas.
Dej siab sensors saib xyuas lub siab hauv cov kav dej. Smart Home system txiav txim siab tua cov dej thaum muaj kev hloov siab heev.
Dampness sensor ntes cov av noohuab cua nyob rau hauv chav tsev thiab qhia txog qhov muaj qhov xau. Nws tuaj yeem ceeb toom koj txog teeb meem cua sov lossis qhib qhov rais.
nag sensors ua rau hauv lub kaw lus ntes cov ntawv nyeem thiab xa mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb huab cua hauv tsev, tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lwm lub tshuab, suav nrog kev siv dej tsis siv neeg hauv tsev.
Txoj Cai Xaiv
Txoj kev sib txuas ntawm lub sensor yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb rau nws xaiv. Muaj ob txoj kev xaiv: wired thiab wireless, tab sis thawj zaug yog suav tias yog technically thiab coj ncaj ncees lawm thiab tsis siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub systems.
Rau kev sib txuas wireless tuaj yeem siv tau:
- xov tooj cua channel. Nws yog siv tsis tshua muaj heev, vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm shortcomings, thiab yog li poob nws qhov tseeb.
- Z-Wave channel. Ua ke mus txog 232 cov khoom siv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv tus nqi qis rau kev txuas me me ntawm cov khoom siv.
- ZigBee channel. Txuas mus txog 6,500 gadgets. Qhov no yog cov cuab yeej ntse tshaj plaws hauv Tsev thiab suav tias yog tus qauv.
- Wi-Fi. Tsis yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los txuas cov sensors, txij li cov teeb liab los ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv tuaj yeem sib tshooj.
Niaj hnub nimno Smart Home technologies txhawb ntau txoj kev xaiv rau kev sib txuas cov sensors, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv ib qho tshwj xeeb.
Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog qhov ntau ntawm kev teeb tsa. Ua ntej ua haujlwm, sensors raug hloov kho rau cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj thiab tseem ceeb txwv - cov lus teb ntau. Kev teeb tsa tseem ceeb rau cov sensors lub luag haujlwm rau huab cua thiabthaj chaw ruaj ntseg.
Thaum xaiv cov sensors rau Smart Home, cov chaw tsim khoom raug suav nrog. Kev ua lag luam niaj hnub muaj ntau yam khoom siv, muaj cov thawj coj meej uas nws cov khoom muaj kev ntseeg siab heev.
xaiv kev txhim kho
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob teeb tsa rau "Smart Home" tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov qauv sensors, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov sensors rau kev teeb tsa hauv qab nthab. Txoj kev teeb tsa no tso cai rau koj tso cov sensors ntws tawm: sab nraud lawv tsis txawv ntawm cov teeb halogen.
Kev teeb tsa nws tus kheej tuaj yeem ua tau ob txoj hauv kev: phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Thawj feem ntau yog siv rau thaum txhim kho qhov system hauv cov chav nrog cov qab nthab siab. Qhov siab tshaj plaws rau tso cov sensors yog 2-3 meters.
Thaum mounting, qhov siab tshaj plaws load yog muab rau hauv tus account - tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv ib txhij qhib los ntawm cov lus txib sensor. Cov sensors tuaj yeem kub hnyiab tau vim yog lub zog hnyav ua rau lawv los ntawm cov teeb fluorescent thiab LED. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws thauj khoom ntawm dimmers thiab sensors txuas nrog LED teeb yuav tsum yog 2-3 zaug qis dua qhov suav load zog.
Settings
Sensors ua ntej kev teeb tsa raug kho siv cov regulators nyob ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog li cas qhov kev pib pib raug teeb tsa: qib rhiab heev, theem teeb pom kev zoo, ncua sij hawm thiab hom kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub sensor tau hloov kho tib yam. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm cov yas overhead curtains,suav nrog hauv cov khoom siv - lawv hu ua teeb liab txiav tawm lim. Lub kaum sab xis pom tau raug kho los ntawm kev rhuav tshem ib feem ntawm cov ntaub thaiv yas raws qhov chaw.
Tus nqi "Smart Home" npaum li cas
Tus nqi kawg ntawm txoj haujlwm yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov muaj nuj nqis thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv, yuav cov khoom siv multimedia, cov yam ntxwv ntawm engineering systems thiab xaim hauv tsev.
Tus nqi kuj yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus nqi hluav taws xob thiab thaj chaw nyob, thaj chaw tag nrho ntawm lub tsev, tus naj npawb ntawm qhov rais thiab cov square footage ntawm chav dej.
Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb tsawg yog cov haujlwm, kev hloov kho cov cuab yeej, chaw tsim khoom, tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Vim li no, tsis muaj tus nqi siab tshaj.
Qee lub sensors yuav tsum tau nruab - piv txwv li, kev ruaj ntseg systems thiab tua hluav taws. Koj tuaj yeem tsis kam qee yam yam tsis tau poob qhov zoo thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm qhov system.
Ntau yam nyob ntawm tus neeg xav tau. Cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem suav nrog ntau yam haujlwm, ntawm cov chaw taws teeb hloov mus rau thiab tawm ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, cua sov ntawm "Smart Home", tsis siv neeg hloov suab paj nruag, qhib thiab kaw cov ntaub thaiv npog yog hu ua tsis nrov heev. Lawv cais tawm ntawm qhov project txuag ntawm 20 mus rau 80 txhiab rubles.
Qhov xwm txheej zoo ib yam nrog rau lwm qhov subsystems. Rau lub installation ntawm cov cuab yeej yuav tau them 10-20% ntawm nws cov nqi. Tus nqi nruab nrab rau Smart Home system yog 400,000 rubles, tab sis tus nqi siab tshaj plaws tuaj yeem siab dua. Khoom kim heevCov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem raug nqi ntau lab.
