Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv (UPS) muaj ntau heev. Lub khoos phis tawj koj siv tam sim no muaj ntau qhov UPS (+12, -12, +5, -5, thiab +3.3V tsawg kawg). Yuav luag tag nrho cov blocks no muaj qhov tshwj xeeb PWM tswj nti, feem ntau ntawm TL494CN hom. Nws cov analogue yog cov microcircuit hauv tsev M1114EU4 (KR1114EU4).
Producers
Lub microcircuit nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab yog cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke thiab siv dav. Nws thawj thawj yog Unitrode UC38xx series ntawm PWM controllers. Nyob rau hauv 1999, lub tuam txhab no tau yuav los ntawm Texas Instruments, thiab txij li thaum ntawd txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib kab ntawm cov controllers tau pib, ua rau cov creation nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s. TL494 series chips. Ntxiv rau UPSs uas twb tau sau tseg saum toj no, lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv DC voltage regulators, hauv kev tswj tsav, hauv cov pib muag muag, hauv ib lo lus, nyob qhov twg PWM tswj tau siv.
Ntawm cov tuam txhab uas cloned cov nti no, muaj cov npe nrov hauv ntiaj teb xws li Motorola, Inc, International Rectifier,Fairchild Semiconductor, ON Semiconductor. Lawv txhua tus muab cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog lawv cov khoom, hu ua TL494CN datasheet.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev txiav txim siab hom microcircuit los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv qhia txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm nws tus yam ntxwv. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv yuav luag tib yam. Ntxiv mus, TL494CN datasheet los ntawm hom xws li Motorola, Inc thiab ON Semiconductor rov ua dua ib leeg hauv nws cov qauv, cov duab, cov lus thiab cov duab. Kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm Texas Instruments yog txawv me ntsis ntawm lawv, txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua tib zoo kawm, nws pom tseeb tias cov khoom zoo ib yam txhais tau tias.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm TL494CN nti
Cia ib txwm pib piav qhia nws nrog lub hom phiaj thiab cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv. Nws yog ib qho ruaj khov PWM tswj feem ntau tsim los rau UPS daim ntawv thov, muaj cov khoom siv hauv qab no:
- sawtooth voltage generator (SPG);
- yuam kev amplifiers;
- qhov chaw ntawm kev siv (reference) voltage +5 V;
- tuag sijhawm hloov kho Circuit Court;
- tso zis transistor hloov mus rau tam sim no txog 500 mA;
- phiaj xwm xaiv ib-stroke lossis ob-mob stroke.
Limits
Zoo li lwm yam microcircuit, cov lus piav qhia ntawm TL494CN yuav tsum muaj cov npe ntawm cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Cia peb muab lawv raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Motorola, Inc:
- Power mov: 42 V.
- Colector voltagetso zis transistor: 42 V.
- tso zis transistor collector tam sim no: 500 mA.
- Amplifier input voltage ntau: -0.3V txog +42V.
- Power dissipation (ntawm t< 45 ° C): 1000mW.
- Cia kub ntau: -55 txog +125 ° C.
- Ambient kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntau: ntawm 0 txog +70 ° C.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias parameter 7 rau TL494IN nti yog qhov dav me ntsis: ntawm -25 txog +85 °С.
TL494CN nti tsim
Kev piav qhia hauv Lavxias ntawm cov lus xaus ntawm nws rooj plaub muaj nyob hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Lub microcircuit yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub yas (qhov no yog qhia los ntawm tsab ntawv N ntawm qhov kawg ntawm nws lub npe) 16-pin pob nrog pdp-hom coj.
Nws zoo li muaj nyob hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
TL494CN: daim duab ua haujlwm
Yog li, txoj haujlwm ntawm lub microcircuit no yog pulse-width modulation (PWM, lossis English Pulse Width Modulated (PWM)) ntawm voltage pulses generated nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si tswj thiab unregulated UPSs. Hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm thawj hom, lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov mem tes, raws li txoj cai, ncav cuag tus nqi siab tshaj plaws (~ 48% rau txhua qhov tso tawm hauv lub laub-rub circuits, dav siv rau lub hwj chim tsheb lub suab amplifiers).
Lub TL494CN nti muaj tag nrho ntawm 6 tus pins tso tawm, 4 ntawm lawv (1, 2, 15, 16) yog cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv yuam kev sab hauv siv los tiv thaiv UPS los ntawm tam sim no thiab muaj peev xwm overloads. Pin 4 yog cov tswv yimteeb liab los ntawm 0 mus rau 3 V los kho lub luag hauj lwm voj voog ntawm cov zis duab plaub pulses, thiab3 yog qhov tso zis ntawm tus piv thiab yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Lwm 4 (tus naj npawb 8, 9, 10, 11) yog cov khoom pub dawb thiab cov emitters ntawm transistors nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai tam sim no ntawm 250 mA (hauv hom tsis tu ncua, tsis pub ntau tshaj 200 mA). Lawv tuaj yeem txuas nrog ua khub (9 txog 10 thiab 8 txog 11) kom tsav lub zog siab MOSFETs nrog qhov txwv tam sim no ntawm 500mA (max. 400mA txuas ntxiv).
Dab tsi yog qhov sab hauv ntawm TL494CN? Nws daim duab qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Lub microcircuit muaj ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob built-in (ION) +5 V (No. 14). Nws feem ntau yog siv raws li kev siv hluav taws xob (nrog qhov tseeb ntawm ± 1%) siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv tsis pub ntau tshaj 10 mA, piv txwv li, rau pin 13 ntawm kev xaiv ntawm ib- lossis ob-mob stroke ua haujlwm. microcircuit: yog tias muaj +5 V rau nws, xaiv hom thib ob, yog tias muaj qhov rho tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau nws - thawj qhov.
Kho qhov zaus ntawm sawtooth voltage generator (GPN), lub capacitor thiab resistor yog siv, txuas nrog pins 5 thiab 6, raws li. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lub microcircuit muaj terminals rau txuas ntxiv thiab rho tawm ntawm lub hwj chim qhov chaw (tus lej 12 thiab 7, ntsig txog) nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 7 txog 42 V.
Daim duab qhia tau tias muaj ntau yam khoom siv sab hauv hauv TL494CN. Ib qho lus piav qhia hauv Lavxias ntawm lawv lub hom phiaj kev ua haujlwm yuav raug muab hauv qab no hauv kev nthuav qhia cov khoom siv.
Input davhlau ya nyob twg muaj nuj nqi
Like iblwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub microcircuit hauv nqe lus nug muaj nws tus kheej inputs thiab outputs. Peb mam li pib nrog thawj. Ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov TL494CN tus pins tau muab rau saum toj no. Cov lus piav qhia hauv Lavxias ntawm lawv lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm yuav muab hauv qab no nrog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws.
tawm 1
Qhov no yog qhov zoo (tsis yog-inverting) cov tswv yim ntawm qhov yuam kev amplifier 1. Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob ntawm nws qis dua qhov voltage ntawm tus pin 2, qhov tso tawm ntawm qhov yuam kev amplifier 1 yuav qis. Yog tias nws siab tshaj ntawm tus pin 2, qhov yuam kev amplifier 1 teeb liab yuav mus siab. Cov zis ntawm lub amplifier tseem ceeb replicates cov tswv yim zoo siv tus pin 2 raws li kev siv. Cov haujlwm ntawm qhov yuam kev amplifiers yuav raug piav qhia hauv qab no.
Zoo 2
Qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo (inverting) cov tswv yim ntawm qhov yuam kev amplifier 1. Yog tias tus pin no siab dua tus pin 1, qhov tso tawm ntawm qhov yuam kev amplifier 1 yuav qis. Yog hais tias qhov voltage ntawm tus pin no qis dua qhov voltage ntawm tus pin 1, qhov tso zis ntawm lub amplifier yuav siab.
Zoo 15
Nws ua haujlwm raws nraim li 2. Feem ntau qhov yuam kev thib ob tsis siv hauv TL494CN. Nws hloov pauv hauv qhov no muaj tus pin 15 tsuas yog txuas nrog 14th (siv voltage +5 V).
Zoo 16
Nws ua haujlwm ib yam li 1. Nws feem ntau txuas nrog ntau 7 thaum tsis siv lub amplifier thib ob. Nrog tus pin 15 txuas nrog + 5V thiab16 txuas nrog ntau, qhov tso zis ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thib ob yog qhov tsawg thiab yog li tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub nti.
Zoo 3
Nov tus pin thiab txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv TL494CNtxuas rau ib leeg ntawm diodes. Yog hais tias lub teeb liab ntawm qhov tso zis ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv hloov ntawm qis mus rau siab, ces ntawm tus lej 3 nws kuj mus siab. Thaum lub teeb liab ntawm tus pin no tshaj 3.3V, cov zis pulses tua (zero duty cycle). Thaum qhov hluav taws xob ntawm nws nyob ze rau 0 V, lub sijhawm mem tes yog qhov siab tshaj plaws. Nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 3.3V, lub mem tes dav yog 50% mus rau 0% (rau txhua qhov ntawm PWM maub los tso tawm - ntawm pins 9 thiab 10 ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau).
Yog xav tau, tus pin 3 tuaj yeem siv los ua lub teeb liab tawm tswv yim lossis siv tau los muab damping rau cov mem tes dav hloov pauv. Yog tias qhov voltage ntawm nws siab (> ~ 3.5V), tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los pib UPS ntawm PWM maub los (yuav tsis muaj pulses los ntawm nws).
Zoo 4
Nws tswj lub luag haujlwm lub voj voog ntawm cov zis pulses (eng. Dead-Time Control). Yog hais tias qhov voltage ntawm nws nyob ze rau 0 V, lub microcircuit yuav muaj peev xwm tso tawm ob qho tib si qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tau thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws mem tes dav (uas yog teem los ntawm lwm yam input signals). Yog hais tias qhov hluav taws xob ntawm li 1.5V yog siv rau tus pin no, cov zis pulse dav yuav raug txwv rau 50% ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws (los yog ~ 25% lub voj voog rau lub laub-rub PWM maub los). Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob ntawm nws siab (> ~ 3.5V), tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los pib UPS ntawm TL494CN. Nws hloov pauv feem ntau muaj No. 4, txuas ncaj qha rau hauv av.
Ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco qab! Lub teeb liab ntawm tus pins 3 thiab 4 yuav tsum qis dua ~ 3.3V. Yog tias nws nyob ze, hais tias, +5V yuav ua li cas? Yuav ua li casces TL494CN yuav coj li cas? Lub voltage converter circuit ntawm nws yuav tsis tsim pulses, i.e. yuav tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob tawm ntawm UPS
Zoo 5
Ua haujlwm txuas rau lub sijhawm sib tw capacitor Ct, thiab nws qhov kev sib cuag thib ob yog txuas nrog hauv av. Capacitance tus nqi feem ntau yog 0.01 µF txog 0.1 µF. Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv no ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv zaus ntawm GPN thiab cov zis pulses ntawm PWM maub los. Raws li txoj cai, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo nrog qhov kub tsis tshua muaj coefficient (nrog kev hloov pauv me me ntawm lub peev xwm nrog qhov kub hloov pauv) tau siv ntawm no.
Zoo 6
Txhawm rau txuas lub sijhawm teeb tsa resistor Rt, thiab nws qhov kev sib cuag thib ob yog txuas nrog hauv av. Tus nqi Rt thiab Ct txiav txim siab qhov zaus ntawm FPG.
f=1, 1: (Rt x Ct)
Zoo 7
Nws txuas mus rau cov xov hlau zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm PWM maub los.
Zoo 12
Nws yog cim nrog cov ntawv VCC. Qhov "ntxiv" ntawm TL494CN fais fab mov txuas nrog nws. Nws qhov hloov hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj No. 12 txuas nrog lub zog hloov hluav taws xob. Ntau UPSs siv tus pin no los tig lub zog (thiab UPS nws tus kheej) rau thiab tawm. Yog tias nws muaj +12 V thiab No.7 yog hauv av, FPV thiab ION chips yuav ua haujlwm.
Zoo 13
Qhov no yog kev ua haujlwm hom kev tawm tswv yim. Nws txoj haujlwm tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob
Saum toj no lawv tau teev rau TL494CN. Cov lus piav qhia hauv Lavxias ntawm lawv lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm yuav muab hauv qab no nrog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws.
Zoo 8
Ntawm noLub nti muaj 2 npn transistors uas yog nws cov yuam sij tso zis. Tus pin no yog tus sau ntawm transistor 1, feem ntau txuas nrog DC voltage qhov chaw (12 V). Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv circuits ntawm qee cov khoom siv, nws yog siv los ua qhov tso zis, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom ib lub voj voog ntawm nws (nrog rau No. 11).
Zoo 9
Qhov no yog lub emitter ntawm transistor 1. Nws tsav lub zog siab UPS transistor (tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau feem ntau) hauv lub laub rub Circuit Court, ncaj qha lossis los ntawm qhov nruab nrab transistor.
tawm 10
Qhov no yog lub emitter ntawm transistor 2. Nyob rau hauv ib-lub voj voog hom, lub teeb liab ntawm nws yog tib yam li ntawm 9. ntawm lwm yam nws yog tsawg, thiab vice versa. Hauv cov khoom siv feem ntau, cov teeb liab los ntawm cov emitters ntawm cov zis transistor hloov ntawm microcircuit nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug tsav lub zog teb-zoo transistors, uas tau tsav mus rau lub xeev ON thaum lub voltage ntawm pins 9 thiab 10 yog siab (siab dua ~ 3.5 V, tab sis. nws tsis hais txog qib 3.3 V ntawm No. 3 thiab 4).
Zoo 11
Qhov no yog tus sau ntawm transistor 2, feem ntau txuas nrog DC voltage qhov chaw (+ 12V).
Ceeb toom: Hauv cov khoom siv ntawm TL494CN, qhov hloov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muaj ob qho tib si sau thiab emitters ntawm transistors 1 thiab 2 raws li cov khoom siv ntawm PWM maub los, txawm tias qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog ntau dua. Muaj, txawm li cas los xij, cov kev xaiv thaum lub pins 8 thiab 11 yog cov txiaj ntsig. Yog tias koj pom ib qho me me transformer hauv Circuit Court ntawm IC thiab FETs, cov teeb liab tso zis feem ntau yuav raug coj los ntawm lawv.(los ntawm cov neeg sau)
Zoo 14
Qhov no yog ION cov zis, kuj tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm
TL494CN nti ua haujlwm li cas? Peb yuav muab cov lus piav qhia ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm nws txoj haujlwm raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Motorola, Inc. Lub pulse width modulation tso zis yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib piv qhov zoo sawtooth teeb liab los ntawm lub capacitor Ct rau ob qho tib si ntawm ob lub teeb liab tswj. Cov zis transistors Q1 thiab Q2 tsis muaj gated los qhib lawv tsuas yog thaum lub tswb moos input (C1) (saib TL494CN daim duab ua haujlwm) mus qis.
Yog li, yog tias nyob rau ntawm cov tswv yim C1 ntawm qhov ua rau qib ntawm cov khoom siv logical, ces cov khoom tso tawm transistors raug kaw hauv ob hom kev ua haujlwm: ib lub voj voog thiab thawb-rub. Yog hais tias lub moos teeb liab tam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov kev tawm tswv yim, ces nyob rau hauv lub laub-rub hom, lub transistor switches qhib ib tug los ntawm ib tug thaum tuaj txog ntawm lub moos mem tes txiav tawm mus rau lub trigger. Nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog hom, tus txhais tsis tau siv, thiab ob qhov tso zis yuam sij qhib synchronously.
Lub xeev qhib no (hauv ob hom) tsuas yog ua tau nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub sijhawm FPV thaum qhov hluav taws xob sawtooth ntau dua li cov cim tswj. Yog li, qhov nce lossis txo qhov loj ntawm cov teeb liab tswj tau ua rau ib qho kev nce lossis txo qhov dav ntawm qhov voltage pulses ntawm cov zis ntawm microcircuit, feem.
Voltage los ntawm tus pin 4 (tuag sijhawm tswj), yuam kev amplifier inputs lossis tawm tswv yim teeb liab tawm tswv yim los ntawm tus pin 3 tuaj yeem siv los tswj cov teeb liab.
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog microcircuit
Ua ntej uatxhua yam khoom siv tau zoo, nws raug pom zoo kom kawm seb TL494CN ua haujlwm li cas. Yuav kuaj xyuas seb nws ua haujlwm li cas?
Nqa koj lub khob cij, muab IC rau nws thiab txuas cov xov hlau raws li daim duab hauv qab no.
Yog tias txhua yam txuas nrog raug, lub voj voog yuav ua haujlwm. Tawm pins 3 thiab 4 tsis pub dawb. Siv koj lub oscilloscope los xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm FPV - ntawm tus pin 6 koj yuav tsum pom qhov hluav taws xob sawtooth. Cov zis yuav yog xoom. Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab lawv cov kev ua tau zoo hauv TL494CN. Kev tshuaj xyuas nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li no:
- Txuas cov lus tawm tswv yim tawm (3) thiab cov zis tswj lub sijhawm tuag (4) rau hauv av (7).
- Tam sim no koj yuav tsum ntes cov xwmfab nthwv dej ntawm cov zis ntawm IC.
Yuav ua li cas nthuav tawm lub teeb liab tawm?
Cov zis ntawm TL494CN yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tam sim no, thiab koj yeej xav tau ntau lub zog. Yog li, peb yuav tsum ntxiv qee qhov muaj zog transistors. Qhov yooj yim siv (thiab yooj yim heev kom tau - los ntawm lub computer qub motherboard) yog n-channel zog MOSFETs. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb yuav tsum thim rov qab cov zis ntawm TL494CN, vim tias yog tias peb txuas lub n-channel MOSFET rau nws, tom qab ntawd thaum tsis muaj cov mem tes ntawm cov zis ntawm microcircuit, nws yuav qhib rau DC ntws. Hauv qhov no, MOSFET tuaj yeem hlawv tawm yooj yim … Yog li peb tshem tawm lub universal npn transistor thiab txuas nws raws li daim duab hauv qab no.
Powerful MOSFET hauv qhov noCircuit Court yog passively tswj. Qhov no tsis zoo heev, tab sis rau kev sim thiab lub zog qis nws yog qhov tsim nyog heev. R1 hauv Circuit Court yog qhov load ntawm npn transistor. Xaiv nws raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai tam sim no ntawm nws cov khoom sau. R2 sawv cev rau lub nra ntawm peb lub zog theem. Hauv kev sim hauv qab no, nws yuav raug hloov los ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv.
Yog peb tam sim no saib lub teeb liab ntawm tus pin 6 ntawm microcircuit nrog oscilloscope, peb yuav pom "pom". Ntawm 8 (K1) koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov duab square yoj pulses, thiab ntawm qhov ntws ntawm MOSFET pulses ntawm tib lub duab, tab sis loj dua.
Yuav ua li cas nce qhov tso zis hluav taws xob?
Tam sim no cia peb tau txais qee qhov hluav taws xob nrog TL494CN. Daim duab hloov pauv thiab xaim hluav taws xob yog tib yam - ntawm lub rooj noj mov. Tau kawg, koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais qhov hluav taws xob txaus txaus rau nws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim tsis muaj lub dab dej kub ntawm lub zog MOSFETs. Txawm li cas los xij, txuas lub transformer me me mus rau theem tso zis raws li daim duab no.
Thawj winding ntawm lub transformer muaj 10 lem. Qhov thib ob winding muaj txog 100 lem. Yog li, qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv yog 10. Yog tias koj siv 10V rau thawj zaug, koj yuav tsum tau txais txog 100V ntawm qhov tso zis. Lub hauv paus yog ua los ntawm ferrite. Koj tuaj yeem siv qee qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tub ntxhais los ntawm lub PC fais fab mov transformer.
Ceev faj, qhov tso tawm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog qhov hluav taws xob siab. Tam sim no tsawg heev thiab yuav tsis tua koj. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev ntaus zoo. Lwm qhov txaus ntshai yog tias koj nruab qhov lojcapacitor ntawm qhov tso zis, nws yuav khaws cov nqi loj. Yog li ntawd, tom qab kaw lub voj voog, nws yuav tsum tau tso tawm.
Ntawm qhov tso zis ntawm lub voj voog, koj tuaj yeem qhib txhua qhov taw qhia zoo li lub teeb, raws li hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Nws khiav ntawm DC voltage thiab xav tau txog 160V kom teeb. (Lub hwj chim ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej yog hais txog 15 V - qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj dua.)
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tso zis hluav taws xob tau siv dav hauv txhua lub UPS, suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv PC. Hauv cov khoom siv no, thawj lub tshuab hloov pauv, txuas ntawm transistor hloov mus rau qhov tso tawm ntawm PWM maub los, ua haujlwm rau galvanically cais qhov qis-voltage ntawm Circuit Court, uas suav nrog TL494CN, los ntawm nws qhov hluav taws xob siab, uas muaj cov hluav taws xob loj. transformer.
Voltage regulator
Raws li txoj cai, hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me hauv tsev, lub zog yog muab los ntawm PC UPS, ua rau TL494CN. Lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm lub PC tau paub zoo, thiab cov blocks lawv tus kheej tau yooj yim siv tau, txij li ntau lab tus PCs qub raug muab pov tseg txhua xyoo lossis muag rau cov khoom seem. Tab sis raws li txoj cai, cov UPSs no tsis tsim cov hluav taws xob siab tshaj 12 V. Qhov no tsawg dhau rau qhov sib txawv zaus tsav. Tau kawg, ib tus tuaj yeem sim thiab siv 25V overvoltage PC UPS, tab sis qhov ntawd yuav nyuaj rau nrhiav thiab lub zog ntau dhau yuav ploj mus ntawm 5V hauv cov rooj vag logic.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm TL494 (lossis analogues) koj tuaj yeem tsim txhua lub voj voog nrog kev nkag mus rau lub zog thiab qhov hluav taws xob. Siv cov khoom siv los ntawm PC UPS thiab lub zog siab MOStransistors los ntawm lub motherboard, koj tuaj yeem tsim PWM voltage regulator ntawm TL494CN. Lub converter Circuit Court muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Ntawm nws koj tuaj yeem pom qhov hloov pauv ntawm microcircuit thiab cov theem tso tawm ntawm ob lub transistors: ib qho universal npn- thiab MOS muaj zog.
Main parts: T1, Q1, L1, D1. Lub bipolar T1 yog siv los tsav lub zog MOSFET txuas rau hauv txoj kev yooj yim, lub npe hu ua. "passive". L1 yog ib qho inductor los ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv HP qub (kwv yees li 50 tig, 1 cm siab, 0.5 cm dav nrog windings, qhib choke). D1 yog Schottky diode los ntawm lwm lub cuab yeej. TL494 yog xaim nyob rau hauv lwm txoj hauv kev rau saum toj no, txawm hais tias yog siv tau.
C8 yog lub peev xwm me me txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm lub suab nrov nkag mus rau hauv cov tswv yim ntawm qhov yuam kev amplifier, tus nqi ntawm 0.01uF yuav ntau dua lossis tsawg dua qub. Cov txiaj ntsig loj dua yuav ua rau qeeb qhov teeb tsa ntawm qhov xav tau voltage.
C6 yog ib qho me me capacitor, nws yog siv los lim cov suab nrov nrov. Nws muaj peev xwm mus txog ntau pua picofarads.
