Tsis ntev los no ntau thiab ntau tus kiv cua ntawm lub suab zoo txaus siab rau cov neeg hais lus qub Soviet. Niaj hnub no, cov acoustics no nyob rau hauv kev xav tau zoo thiab, oddly txaus, lawv raug muag tsis yog li pheej yig. Puas tsim nyog yuav cov neeg hais lus Soviet? Wb sim to taub qhov teeb meem no.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Pros hais tias cov neeg hais lus uas hais tias "Ua hauv USSR" ib txwm suab muaj zog thiab zoo, muaj lub suab nrov zoo thiab lub teeb liab.
Thiab nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias txog thaum tsis ntev los no, tsis yog peb cov pog yawg xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov niam txiv nrog kev txaus siab tig rau cov neeg hais lus Soviet (AS - hais lus tshuab). Nrog lawv cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem mloog cov suab paj nruag nkaus xwb, tsis tas sim txuas mus rau tsev ua yeeb yam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis yog qhov phem heev - kab lus hais tias: "Ua hauv USSR."
Kev tsim kho ntawm acoustics
Ua ntej thawj cov neeg hais lus Soviet tshwm sim, cov neeg siv tsuas tuaj yeem siv cov xov tooj cua zoo tib yam nkaus xwb. Cov khoom siv no ua rau nws tuaj yeem mloog nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1951 lub teb chaws cov thawj coj tau pom zooib qho qauv uas txhais tau hais txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas cov khoom siv tshaj tawm yuav tsum muaj. Nws yog lub xyoo no uas tau los ua qhov chaw pib rau kev txhim kho ntau yam qauv ntawm acoustics. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim khoom tshiab tau yooj yim txaus nyiam.
Soviet cov neeg hais lus muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li lub suab nrov, lub taub hau electrodynamic thiab cov hlau nplaum.
Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsim qauv meager, cov neeg hais lus no tau zoo heev. Txhua tus neeg uas siv cov acoustics niaj hnub no yuav tsis nkag siab tias nws hnov lub suab rov tsim los ntawm cov neeg hais lus Soviet. Dab tsi yog vim li cas rau qhov khawv koob no? Nyob rau hauv ib tug technical breakthrough nyob rau hauv engineering!
Tom qab ntawd, lub tebchaws tau pib tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm cov neeg txais, uas tau ntev ntev tsuas yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub suab hauv tsev thiab discos. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias cov cuab yeej no yog tsim los ntawm tes.
Radio "Symphony"
1965 yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom txais. Nws yog nyob rau xyoo no uas thawj lub xov tooj cua hauv tsev tau tso tawm hauv USSR. Nws tau tsim los siv txoj kev teeb. Stereophonics, hu ua "Symphony", tau ua ib hom suab paj nruag ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.
Dab tsi ntawm cov tshuaj radiola suav nrog? Nyob rau hauv nws tsim yog ib tug electrophone. Nws tso cai rau koj mus ua si cov ntaub ntawv vinyl. Lub Symphony kuj suav nrog lub receiver uas tawm suab.
Hnub no tsuas muaj ob peb tug xwb muaj radiola nokiv cua ntawm retro, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd nws tsuas yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Hais txog acoustics, cov txheej txheem no, uas yog tus qauv ntawm engineering art nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los, yog heev outdated.
Next step
Raws li cov tub raj, lawv tsis tshua muaj neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tus nqi siab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom me me ntawm nws cov khoom.
Nyob rau theem tom ntej, transistor recorders pib tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Cov txheej txheem no tau muab lub zog tso zis ntau ntawm lub suab. Yuav kom yuav xws li ib daim kab xev, ib tug yooj yim engineer yuav tsum tau tso tseg tsib ntawm nws cov nyiaj hli txhua hli rau kev yuav khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias qhov no, cov txheej txheem tshiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv no tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj qhov tseeb acoustics. Thiab xyoo 1974, cov neeg hais lus tshiab tau pib tsim tawm hauv USSR. Thawj yog AC 10MAS-1M qauv. Qhov no Soviet acoustics tau dav siv rau ntau xyoo. Ib tug ntev-ntev nrov hais lus tau nkag mus rau hauv lub system, ntxiv rau nruab nrog ib tug suspended latex diffuser. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog lees paub qhov tseeb tias cov txheej txheem zoo li no tsis yog qhov zoo. Kev sib sau ua ke ua rau muaj kev thuam ntau.
qiv nyiaj txawv teb chaws
Xyoo 1978, USSR tau pib yooj yim luam tawm Western-style acoustic systems. Thawj thawj zaug, engineers ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub B altic lub teb chaws coj lub lag luam no. Yog li, tus qauv 35AC-1 tau tsim, raws li lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm S-90 tau tso tawm. Cov neeg hais lus Soviet no yogzoo heev. Lawv lub cev kuj yog qhov zoo. Nws tau sib sau los ntawm cov plywood ruaj khov, uas tau siv hauv kev lag luam dav hlau thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Lub nraub qaum thiab sab panels ntawm rooj plaub yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub cuab yeej kuj tseem ceeb heev. Qhov no Soviet acoustics hnyav 23 kilograms!
kawg theem
Lub suab nrov ntawm USSR thaum kawg tsim nrog kev tso tawm ntawm 75AC-001 qauv. Nws yog lub crowning ua tiav ntawm engineering xav ntawm lub sij hawm Soviet. Thaum tsim cov qauv no, cov qauv tsim lej tau siv thawj zaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoos phis tawj (cov thawj coj ntawm cov khoos phis tawj niaj hnub no) tau siv los ua kom pom kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus, xws li crossover thiab lub taub hau.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws acoustics ntawm USSR, uas yog tus qauv 75AC-001, muaj lub suab nrov zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg nyiam ntawm lub suab zoo raug ntaus los ntawm nws qhov rhiab heev, uas yog 91 dB. Rau lub sijhawm ntawd, daim duab no tsuas yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Lub suab nrov (electrodynamic lub taub hau) ntawm tus qauv, thiab lwm yam, muab qhov zaus zoo, uas muaj li ntawm nees nkaum-tsib rau nees nkaum-tsib txhiab Hz. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub suab tsim tawm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau npaum li cov qauv yav dhau los ua txhaum.
Tom qab, tus qauv tau hloov npe. Nws lub npe tshiab yog 150AS-001. Nws tau tsim ua acoustics "Corvette", thiab "Cleaver".
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li 50 tus qauv ntawm cov tshuab no tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm Soviet. Ntawm lawv yog cov uas tsis nco qab los ntawm cov neeg siv. Txawm li cas los xij, ntsib hauv pawgkev muag khoom thiab kev xaiv zoo rau cov tshuab zoo li no, qhov nrov tshaj plaws uas peb yuav xav txog hauv qab no
Electronics
Raws li lub npe no, ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv USSR. Factories teej tug mus rau Ministry of Electronic Industry, nyob rau hauv lub npe "Electronics", tsim cov TV thiab lub laij lej, computer systems thiab tape recorders. Cov npe ntawm cov khoom no suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom.
Kev tsim khoom ntawm Soviet acoustic systems, uas yog cov neeg hais lus Elektronika, kuj tau tsim. Muaj ntau ntau yam:
1. "Electronics 25AC-033". Qhov no yog peb txoj kev hais lus, uas tau muab kaw rau hauv rooj plaub ntoo ntuj. Lub zog ntsuas ntawm cov neeg hais lus yog 25 watts, thiab lub zog siab tshaj plaws mus txog 100 watts. Cov neeg hais lus rov ua suab nrov hauv thaj tsam ntawm 31.5 txog 25000 Hz thiab muaj lub npe impedance ntawm 4 ohms.
2. Hais lus "Electronics 25 AS-118". Tus neeg hais lus no tseem nyob hauv lub txee ntoo.
3. "Electronics 25AS - 126". Qhov system no yog peb-txoj kev hais lus kaw nyob rau hauv ib lub txee chipboard. Lub zog nominal ntawm cov neeg hais lus yog 25 watts, thiab qhov txwv yog 50 watts. Qhov zaus ntawm lub suab yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 4 mus rau 20,000 Hz, thiab qhov tsis kam yog 4 ohms.
4. "Electronics 25AC-132". Qhov no yog qhov thaiv peb-txoj kev hais lus nrog lub zog ntsuas ntawm 25 watts. Nws, raws li txoj cai, tuaj hauv ib lub teeb nrog Elektronika 104C amplifier.
5. "Electronics 25AC-227". Lub zog ntsuas ntawm peb txoj kev hais lus no yog 50 watts. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub kaw lus muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov dhau los.qauv. Yog li, isodynamic HF taub hau tau nruab rau hauv nws. Lawv tau tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, uas ua kom zoo thaum ua si siab zaus.
S-90
Cov neeg hais lus zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet yog, tsis ntseeg, S-90. Tsab ntawv S sawv ntawm lawv, txij li cov khoom no tau tsim hauv Riga. Lawv hu ua AS Radiotehnika. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo ntawd, cov neeg Soviet tsis ntseeg txhua yam txawv teb chaws. Hais txog qhov no, cov kab tseem hu ua C-90.
Ua ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet, "Xov tooj cua engineering" tau siv dav hauv tsev ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj txawm nyob rau thaj chaw deb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tebchaws. Cov neeg hais lus yeej muaj nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv tog. Lawv yog cov muaj zog tshaj plaws, raws li lub amplifier raug ntsia rau lawv. Niaj hnub no, xws li retro-techniques tsis pheej yig. Tsuas yog ib kem ntawm Xov Tooj Cua Engineering qauv yuav raug nqi tus neeg yuav khoom 4,000 rubles.
Kev piav qhia
Rau lawv lub sijhawm, Xov Tooj Cua Engineering hais lus muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv koom nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws (zero) chav kawm ntawv thiab yog qualitatively txawv los ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv Soviet. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg hais lus no tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tus neeg tuaj txawv teb chaws.
Cov neeg hais lus ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ntau zaus ntawm 31.5 thiab 20,000 Hz. Lawv lub zog ntsuas yog 35W.
Tab sis qhov kev hais lus no tsis zoo tag nrho. Nws muaj tus nqi siab, nce mus txog 300 rubles ib khub. Thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab no tau zoo heev. Qee zaum nws hnyav dua 30 kg. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum yuav S-90 hais lus, tsis muaj leej twg paub tseebnyob rau hauv dab tsi ua rau lawv ib tug zoo-coj khub niam txiv. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug ntawm lawv tau sau tag nrho cov hwj chim ua ke thiab suab nrov dua lwm tus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem ntawm tus neeg hais lus nkaus xwb. Cov neeg hais lus Soviet feem ntau tawg. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog tsis muaj zog thiab nyias nyob ntawm tej, uas nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej yog impractical. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg hais lus suab tsis zoo ntawm nruab nrab zaus, ua rau tag nrho cov kev xav ntawm lub suab nrov.
Installation
Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsis txaus, cov neeg hais lus S-90 tau tsim nyog rau cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag Soviet. Tau ntau xyoo lawm, qhov kev hais lus no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Cov neeg nyiam nkauj tsis hnov qab txog nws hnub no. Tom qab tag nrho, S-90 hais lus yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los. Qhov no yog ib qho khoom siv ntawm qhov loj me, uas yog sib npaug ntawm 36x71x28.5 cm, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau nruab kom raug, ua kom qhov deb ntawm tsawg kawg yog 2 m los ntawm cov neeg mloog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua hauv cov chav nyob hauv lub tebchaws Soviet.. Tias yog vim li cas lub suab tiag tiag uas cov acoustics tuaj yeem tawm tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze.
Zoo
Zoo heev thiab yooj yim hais lus txee S-90 yog ib lub thawv tsis sib cais ua los ntawm chipboard. Nws cov khoom tiav yog high-quality veneer ua los ntawm cov ntoo muaj nuj nqis. Ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab hauv rooj plaub, cov neeg tsim qauv muab cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb. Qhov no ua rau kom lub zog thiab rigidity ntawm lub thawv nws tus kheej.
Lub taub hau hais lus yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov thav duab zoo nkauj. Lawv raug stamped los ntawm txhuas ntawv thiab pleev xim rau dub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg hais lus raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov hlau mesh.
Ntawm hauv qab ntawm rooj plaub, koj tuaj yeem pom lub vaj huam sib luag ua los ntawmyas. Nws qhia txog amplitude-frequency yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg hais lus, lub npe ntawm lub kaw lus thiab nws lub npe hom. Lub connector ntawm Soviet hais lus S-90 nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub rear phab ntsa ntawm rooj plaub.
Cov ntsiab lus sab hauv
Yog tias koj qhib lub cev ntawm S-90 hais lus, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov paj rwb ntaub plaub, uas yog npog nrog cov ntaub qhwv. Qhov no yog AC absorber.
Nws txo cov suab nrov ntawm AHF, ua rau cov neeg hais lus suab zoo dua. Txhua tus neeg uas rhuav tshem lub cev ntawm "Soviet lus dab neeg" kuj tuaj yeem pom cov lim hluav taws xob sab hauv. Lawv muab tso rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thiab cais cov AC bands.
Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cuab yeej qub
S-90 hais lus nrov heev nrog cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag. Tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, ntau ntawm cov neeg uas nyiam lub suab zoo nrhiav kev txhim kho lawv. Qhov kev ua si no tsis yog lom zem xwb. Nws tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau nyiaj ntau thiab tau txais lub suab nrov zoo.
Tau kawg, cov neeg sab nraud ntawm cov neeg hais lus no, uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 30 xyoo, twb tau ploj lawm yav dhau los glamour. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov neeg uas txiav txim siab hloov kho, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov system tag nrho los ntawm sab hauv.
Rau txoj haujlwm no koj yuav xav tau cov hlau nplaum thiab cov pliers. Koj tuaj yeem ua tsis tau nrog kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab tsis muaj teeb tsa ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Thawj kauj ruam yog tshem tawm lub vaj huam sib luag pem hauv ntej. Qhov no tsuas yog ua tau tom qab ob lub kaum sib txawv screws tau unscrewed. Tom qab disassembly, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov neeg hais lus. Tej zaum lawv yuav xav tau resuscitation. Nws yog tau hais tias lub kauj yuav tsum tau rewound. Tom qab ntawd acousticcov neeg hais lus ntawm Soviet hais lus yuav suab zoo meej, yam tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm ntxiv. Silk domes, uas tuaj yeem ntsia tau los hloov cov domes yas, tseem yuav ua kom txhua lub suab pob tshab.
Txhim kho cov xaim thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv
Kev kho kom zoo ntawm rooj plaub tso cai rau koj los txhim kho lub suab ntawm cov neeg hais lus ntawm qhov tsawg zaus. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov paj rwb-gauze pads, hloov lawv nrog pheej yig batting. Tag nrho cov no ua tiav sai thiab tsis tas yuav siv zog ntau. Nws raug pom zoo kom hloov cov xaim ua ntej kev teeb tsa.
rooj plaub yog sheathed nrog batting. Lawv kuj tseem yuav tsum tau npog cov theem ua lag luam, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab txhim kho nws cov yeeb nkab ntawm lub sealant. Hloov hauv cov hais lus tshiab yuav tsis xav tau. Tias yog vim li cas lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm raws li qhov tsis tsim nyog. Nyias Soviet hais lus thaiv hauv txhua qhov kev sib txuas yuav tsum tau hloov nrog tooj liab.
Raws li koj pom, qhov no tsis yog ua haujlwm hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias nws qhov yooj yim, kev kho kom zoo hloov lub suab ntawm thev naus laus zis. Nws dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog thiab pob tshab, ua rau lub pob ntseg ntawm tus hlub nkauj.
Cov neeg hais lus qub qub qub tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv lub tsheb. Tus nqi ntawm cov kab ke no yuav tsawg, thiab lub suab yuav xav tsis thoob nrog nws lub zog thiab qhov zoo.
