Kev txhim kho cov xaim hluav taws xob hauv tsev lossis chav tsev yog qhov ua haujlwm hnyav thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tso cov cables thiab xaim tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv txoj haujlwm no yog kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, uas ntxiv rau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, automation raug teeb tsa uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke yog cov khoom seem tam sim no. Hnub no tsab xov xwm yuav ua tib zoo saib yuav ua li cas txuas RCD kom raug, cov teeb meem uas tus tswv tsev yuav ntsib thaum hloov, cov lus nug feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov lus teb rau lawv.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom seem tam sim no
Cov chav tseem ceeb ntawm RCD tuaj yeem hu ua ob lub kauj los ntawm theem twg thiab xoom ntws. Nrog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub network, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm peb. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam hloov pauv thaum ib theem lossis nruab nrab tus neeg xyuas pib tawg ntawm rooj plaub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib feem ntawm lub tam sim no mus rau txoj kev ntawm tsawg kawg yog tsis kam mus rauhauv av. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov cuab yeej kuaj pom qhov nce ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm, lees paub tias nws yog qhov xau tam sim no thiab ua haujlwm, qhib lub Circuit Court thiab tshem tawm qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm kab. Yog li, ib qho RCD txuas zoo ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg, nws tiv thaiv los ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab.
Kev faib cov khoom seem tam sim no
Ntau tus tsis nkag siab qhov RCD yog npaj rau. Nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab seb nws txawv li cas ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (AB). Feem ntau, cov khoom siv tam sim no seem ua haujlwm rau tib neeg kev nyab xeeb thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, yuav luag txhua tus neeg tau dhau los ntawm qhov xwm txheej uas, thaum kov cov hlau ntawm chav ua noj lossis lwm yam khoom siv, me ntsis, tab sis tsis kaj siab hluav taws xob poob siab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm muaj teeb meem.
Muaj qee lub sijhawm uas cov xwm txheej zoo li no xaus rau hauv kev tuag. Ib qho cuab yeej seem tam sim no tsuas yog ntsia los tiv thaiv qhov no. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev yog qhov tseeb kev sib txuas ntawm RCD hauv daim ntaub thaiv. Txawm tias muaj kev paub txog hluav taws xob feem ntau ua yuam kev nyob rau theem no ntawm kev teeb tsa, uas txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum daws qhov teeb meem no kom ntxaws ntxiv.
yuam kev 1: yog tias muaj RCD, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab tsis tas yuav tsum
Kev dag ntxias yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Qhov teeb meem yog tias RCD muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov xau tam sim no, tab sis muaj kev tiv thaiv tag nrho rau luv luv circuits thiab network overloads. ATyog tias lawv tshwm sim, cov khoom seem tam sim no yuav ua tsis tiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws cov kev sib cuag "stick", uas yog vim li cas cov kab ntawm qhov luv luv Circuit Court tshwm sim tseem muaj zog, cov xaim txuas ntxiv mus kom txog thaum lub rwb thaiv tsev ignites. Raws li qhov tshwm sim - hluav taws kub thiab ploj tag nrho cov khoom, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv lossis kev tuag.
Lus xaus: tsuas yog qhov kev sib txuas ntawm RCD thiab cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv lub vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv tag nrho rau lub tsev fais fab, khoom siv, lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg nyob.
yuam kev 2: av thiab av yog tib yam
nqe lus nug no tsim nyog xav nrog piv txwv:
- av thiab nruab nrab hlau kov ntawm kab tom qab RCD. Nrog xws li kev hloov, cov cuab yeej seem tam sim no yuav ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj laj thawj, txheeb xyuas qhov tsis muaj qhov xau. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias siv cov kab no yuav muaj teeb meem heev.
- Lub ntiaj teb ploj lawm. Ib tug ob-xaim system yog indispensable ntawm no, uas txhais tau hais tias koj yuav tau mount ib tug tiv thaiv grounding. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ib lub npav ntxiv yog ntsia rau hauv daim thaiv, uas xoom tau muab los ntawm lub txee. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov nruab nrab raug tshem tawm ua ntej cov khoom seem tam sim no, txhawm rau zam kev ua haujlwm tsis tsim nyog.
Thaum sib txuas RCDs thiab cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob kom raug, kaw hauv av thiab cov neeg nruab nrab hauv lub qhov (socket) yuav ua rau kev txiav tawm.
Cia peb mus rau qhov yuam kev tom ntej.
Yim 3: ToUa kom raug kev sib txuas ntawm RCD, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qhov Circuit Court
Feem ntau, qhov kev xav tsis zoo no tshwm sim hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog uas vam khom lawv lub cim xeeb ntau dhau. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias thaum sib sau ua ke ib lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob (tsis hais nws qhov nyuaj), txawm tias qhov project kos tau nrawm dua thiab yooj yim heev rau kev teeb tsa. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab, thaum kho lub zog hauv tsev network, cov tswv yim no tuaj yeem pab tau ntau heev.
Kev sib txuas ntawm RCD thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv
Ntxiv rau AB, nrog rau cov khoom siv tam sim no, lwm yam khoom siv tau nruab rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Piv txwv li, txuas RCD thiab qhov hluav taws xob relay. Yuav ua li cas kom raug nws kom raug, ua ke nrog cov tshuab, ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke yog tsim los tiv thaiv txhua qhov xwm txheej majeure uas yuav tshwm sim? Tau kawg, ntawm no ntau yuav nyob ntawm qhov muaj qhov chaw dawb rau mounting modules thiab peev nyiaj txiag, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia thiab cov lus qhia, uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev tshaj lij.
Tsis tas li, cov khoom siv tam sim no seem tau sib xws nrog txhua tus relays thiab sensors. Daim duab kab hluav taws xob ntawm lub automation tsis hloov. Thiab txhawm rau ua kom pom tseeb tias lub cuab yeej txuas nrog, koj tuaj yeem pom cov yees duab hauv qab no.
Yuav ua li cas txuas RCD kom zoo yam tsis muaj av
Tsis yog txhua tus kws paub txog hluav taws xob paub cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tsim nyog nyob ntawm nws cais. Raucov ntaub ntawv tau pom tau yooj yim dua, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib kauj ruam:
- Ua ntej, txhua qhov kev tiv thaiv kev siv hluav taws xob thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tau muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev yog tias 2 DIN rails tau muab rau qhov no. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub sab saum toj yog nyob (los ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis) los ntawm ib tug introductory tshuab, txee, RCD. Qhov qis dua yog rau AB los ntawm pawg.
- Nco ntsoov tso ob lub log tsheb sib txuas rau hauv daim ntaub thaiv npog - xoom thiab hauv av. Ntawm lawv tus kheej, lawv yuav tsum raug kaw.
- Los ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, theem ncaj qha mus rau RCD, cov xaim nruab nrab mus rau lub tsheb npav, thiab los ntawm nws mus rau cov khoom seem tam sim no.
- Tam sim no txoj hlua tseem ceeb ua tiav. RCDs tsis tas yuav tsum tau rau pawg teeb pom kev zoo, uas txhais tau hais tias xoom rau lawv yuav tuaj ntawm lub npav. Rau qhov seem, qhov nruab nrab yog muab los ntawm cov zis ntawm RCD. Yog li, qhov tseeb kev sib txuas ntawm RCDs thiab Circuit Court breakers yam tsis muaj grounding muab ib tug ua tiav peb-xaim system uas siv high-zoo tiv thaiv grounding.
Kev sib hloov ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv peb-theem tes hauj lwm
Qee tus yuav xav tias kev ua haujlwm nrog 380 V yog qhov nyuaj dua thiab tsis yooj yim dua, tab sis qhov no yog kev dag ntxias. Qhov tseeb, peb-theem tes hauj lwm yog yooj yim dua li nws zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog 380 V, ntau lub sijhawm qhib los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
Cov lus nug ntawm qhov tseeb kev sib txuas ntawm peb-theem RCD pib daws los ntawm kev kos duab kos duab hauv pab pawg. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog faib cov kab kom cov khoom thauj ntawm lawv zoo ib yam. Yog ibTxawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum tau txuas nrog rau ib theem, kev hloov pauv yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav rub lub zog hluav taws xob rau ob qho tib si.
Lub zog nkag rau RCD yog ua tiav zoo ib yam li qhov kev xaiv dhau los, nrog qhov sib txawv tsuas yog tsis yog 2, tab sis 4 xov hlau siv. Ntawm cov zis peb tau txais ib qho xoom thiab 3 cais kab ntawm 220 V txhua.
Siv ntau RCDs
Thaum nws los txog rau lub tsev ntiag tug loj uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev, ib qho RCD cais feem ntau yuav tsum muaj rau ib kab lossis lwm qhov. Piv txwv li, feem ntau qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog thaum muab lub zog rau hluav taws xob boilers, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws. Hauv qhov no, daim duab kab hluav taws xob hauv qhov hloov pauv yuav txawv me ntsis.
Lub ntsiab RCD tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw, nws tseem pub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau lawv, qhov hluav taws xob tau muab rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thib ob, los ntawm txhua qhov yuav muaj cov kab sib cais mus rau ib qho khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no tsis yog kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov xoom cov lus xaus nrog ib leeg, uas feem ntau tshwm sim thaum tus tswv ntawm tus kheej ntseeg tau sib sau ua ke lub keyboards yam tsis muaj lub voj voog. Thiab ntawm no yog qhov tshwm sim. Tus kws hluav taws xob siv cov theem xaim los ntawm ib qho RCD, thiab xoom xaim los ntawm lwm qhov. Yog li ntawd, ob qho tib si seem tam sim no pib ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Tab sis nws yuav nyuaj dua los txheeb xyuas qhov uas twb muaj lawm mounted switchboard dua li pib ua txhua yam raws li txoj cai.
Basic cov kauj ruam rau DIY switchboard layout
Thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog kos cov cables tuaj rau lub txee dai khaub ncaws los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm chav tsev lossis tsev ntiav. Cov ntawv cim npe yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog chav twg cov xaim tuaj ntawm, tus lej thiab tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev uas yuav siv los ntawm nws. Ntxiv mus, ntawm ib daim ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug arbitrary daim ntawv, qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv automation yog kos nrog sau ntawv nyob rau hauv uas cables yuav tsum tau txuas nrog lawv. Qhov tseeb, rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv no txaus los txuas rau RCD thiab lwm yam khoom tsim nyog los tiv thaiv lub network yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
Tom qab muab cov ntsiab lus tso rau hauv qhov hloov pauv, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab kom luam tawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm daim duab kos rau ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab tus lej AV, RCD thiab lwm yam automation.
Cov Cai Tseem Ceeb rau Switchboard Fais Fab: Kev Xeem
Kev teeb tsa thiab xaim hauv lub txee yog tsim los ntawm lub tshuab ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj cai tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua raws li ntawm no - nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siv lub zog. Voltage yog siv rau nws kawg, tom qab ua tiav ntawm tag nrho cov kev hloov ua haujlwm. Muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (cov khoom siv raug muab tua los ntawm lub feeder lossis lwm yam hloov), koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias tag nrho cov "chij" ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm "on". Tom qab ntawd, qhov voltage yog siv rau lub txee hloov. Yog tias qhov kev sib txuas RCD yog qhov tseeb (ib yam siv rau AB), tag nrho cov "chij" yuav nyob twj ywm hauv lawv txoj haujlwm qub. Nws tseem tsuas yog nias lub pob "TEST" ntawm RCD, uas simulates tam sim nokev xau - kev txiav tawm yuav tsum tshwm sim.
Kev kuaj xyuas qhov raug txuas ntawm lub qhov (sockets) raug kuaj xyuas hauv txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws. Siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas, muaj qhov sib cuag xoom, uas yuav tsum tau txuas nrog rau hauv av. Yog tias txhua yam txuas tau raug, RCD yuav ua haujlwm.
In xaus
Paub yuav ua li cas txuas kom raug thiab xyuas cov khoom seem tam sim no, txhua tus tswv tsev yuav tsum. Qhov no yuav ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev lossis chav tsev. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab tsis ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv uas muaj zog. Tom qab tag nrho, hluav taws xob poob siab yog qhov ua rau muaj sia nyob.
